بررسی تأثیر گرایش کارآفرینانه بر بین‌المللی‌سازی شرکت‌های موجود در صنعت شیشه و بلور ایران با نقش میانجی‌گری فرهنگ سازمانی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی - کمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

2 کارشناسی ارشد کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد قزوین

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تأثیر گرایش کارآفرینانه بر بین‌المللی‌سازی با میانجی‌گری فرهنگ سازمانی در شرکت‌های بین‌المللی فعال در حوزة صنعت شیشه و بلور ایران صورت گرفته است. این پژوهش از نظر هدف کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات توصیفی- همبستگی است. جامعة آماری پژوهش شامل 107 نفر از مدیران و کارشناسان 9 شرکت فعال در حوزة صنعت شیشه و بلور ایران است که با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری به‌صورت تصادفی ساده و براساس فرمول کوکران 66 نفر نمونه درنظر گرفته شد. جمع‌آوری داده‌ها براساس پرسشنامة محقق‌ساخته انجام گرفت که روایی آن از سوی خبرگان و پایایی آن از طریق روش پایایی ترکیبی و آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها و بررسی فرضیه‌ها از روش مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری به روش حداقل مربعات جزئی استفاده شد که به این منظور نرم‌افزار آماری Smart PLS به‌کار گرفته شد. درنهایت، یافته‌ها تمام فرضیه‌های پژوهش را تأیید کردند، به‌طوری‌که تأثیر مثبت گرایش کارآفرینانه بر بین‌المللی‌سازی شرکت تأیید شد و این نتیجه به‌دست آمد که 69 درصد از اثر کل گرایش کارآفرینانه بر بین‌المللی‌سازی از طریق غیرمستقیم متغیر میانجی فرهنگ سازمانی تبیین می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on internationalization of companies in Glass and Crystal Industry by mediating role of organizational culture

نویسندگان [English]

  • ali mobini dehkordi 1
  • alireza nankali 2
  • mohammadjavad jame bozorgi 3
1 Associate professor , Faculty of Entrepreneurial , University of Tehran
2 M.A. student of Entrepreneurship Management , University of Tehran
3 PHD Student of Entrepreneurship, Qazvin Islamic Azad University
چکیده [English]

The present study is done with the aim of investigating the impact of entrepreneurial orientation on internationalization by mediating role of organizational culture in active international companies in Glass and Crystal Industry of Iran .This research, in terms of its purpose, is applied and in terms of data collection is a descriptive and correlational research. Statistical population included 107 managers and experts of 9 active companies in the field of Glass and Crystal Industry of Iran. Using simple random sampling and Cochran formula, 66 persons were selected as the sample. The data gathered by questionnaire which its validity was confirmed by experts and its reliability was approved by composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha. For data analysis, structural equation modeling (SEM) was used with partial least squares (PLS) approach and Smart PLS software. The findings of research show that all hypotheses are accepted. The positive impact of entrepreneurial orientation on the internationalization of the companies was confirmed,  and we conclude that 69 percent of the total impact of entrepreneurial orientation on internationalization is determined through indirect mediating variable of organizational culture.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Internationalization
  • Culture of Iran Glass and Crystal companies
  • Entrepreneurial Orientation
حیدری، حسین، پاپزن، عبدالحمید و رؤیا کرمی دارابخانی (1390)، «بررسی رابطه میان فرهنگ سازمانی و مؤلفه‌های کارآفرینی سازمانی (مطالعه موردی: سازمان جهاد کشاورزی شهرستان)»، فصلنامة ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی، سال اول، شمارة 3: 145- 166.
داوری، علی و آرش رضازاده (1393)، مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری با نرم‌افزار PLS، چاپ سوم، جهاد دانشگاهی، تهران.
کریمی، آصف، رضایی، روح‌اله، احمدپور داریانی، محمود و محسن انصاری (1392)، «تأثیر فرهنگ سازمانی بر گرایش کارآفرینانه (مورد مطالعه: پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران)»، توسعه کارآفرینی، سال ششم، شمارة 3: 163- 182.
گودرزی، اکرم و وجیهه گمینیان (1381)، اصول، مبانی و نظریه‌های جو و فرهنگ سازمانی، ویرایش اول، جهاد دانشگاهی، واحد اصفهان، اصفهان.
Brouthers, K. D., Nakos, G., & Dimitratos, P. (2015). “SME entrepreneurial orientation, international performance, and the moderating role of strategic alliances”. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 39(5), 1161-1187.
Cameron, K. S., & Quinn, R. E. (2006). Diagnosing and Changing Organizational Culture: Based on the Competing Values Framework, revised ed., Addison Wesley, Reading, MA
Cavusgil, S. T., & Knight, G. (2015). “The born global firm: An entrepreneurial and capabilities perspective on early and rapid internationalization”. Journal of International Business Studies, 46(1), 3-16.
Choo, C. W. (2013). “Information culture and organizational effectiveness”.International Journal of Information Management33(5), 775-779.
Coviello, N., & Munro, H. (1997). “Network relationships and the internationalisation process of small software firms”. International business review, 6(4), 361-386.
Covin, J. G. (1991). “Entrepreneurial versus conservative firms: A comparison of strategies and performance”. Journal of management studies, 28(5), 439-462.
Covin, J. G., & Kuratko, D. F. (2010). The concept of corporate entrepreneurship. The black well encyclopedia of technology and innovation management, 207-213.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). "Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests".psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). “Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests”. psychometrika, 16(3), 297-334.
De la Vega, R. (2016). “Corporate Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurial Orientation and Innovative Outcomes: Shedding Some Light on the Effect of the Focus of Innovation”. In United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship. Conference Proceedings (p. HY1). United States Association for Small Business and Entrepreneurship.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). “Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error”. Journal of marketing research, 18(1), 39-50.
Franco, M., & Haase, H. (2013). “Firm resources and entrepreneurial orientation as determinants for collaborative entrepreneurship”. Management Decision, 51(3), 680-696.
Gholami, S., & Birjandi, M. (2016). “The effect of market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on the performance of SMEs”. Journal of Current Research in Science, 11(1), 361-369.
Gómez-Miranda, M. E., Pérez-López, M. C., Argente-Linares, E., & Rodríguez-Ariza, L. (2015). “The impact of organizational culture on competitiveness, effectiveness and efficiency in Spanish-Moroccan international joint ventures”. Personnel Review, 44(3), 364-387.
Hughes, M., & Morgan, R. E. (2007). “Deconstructing the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and business performance at the embryonic stage of firm growth”. Industrial Marketing Management, 36(5), 651-661.
Hulland, J., & Richard Ivey School of Business. (1999). “Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies”. Strategic management journal, 20(2), 195-204.
Iacobucci, D., & Duhachek, A. (2003). “Mediation analysis-round table acr 2003”, presentation at the round table of the ACR conference, Toronto. The Impacts of Team Management on Customer Service.
Knight, G. A., & Liesch, P. W. (2016). “Internationalization: From incremental to born global”. Journal of World Business51(1), 93-102.
Knight, J. (2015). "Five myths about internationalization". International Higher Education, 62 (2), 14-15.
Kollmann, T., & Christofor, J. (2014). “International entrepreneurship in the network economy: Internationalization propensity and the role of entrepreneurial orientation”. Journal of International Entrepreneurship12(1), 43-66.
Kuivalainen, O., Sundqvist, S., Saarenketo, S., & McNaughton, R. (2012). “Internationalization patterns of small and medium-sized enterprises”.International Marketing Review29(5), 448-465.
Lee, H., Kelley, D., Lee, J., & Lee, S. (2012). “SME survival: the impact of internationalization, technology resources, and alliances”. Journal of small business management50(1), 1-19.
Liu, M. (2009). “How to build a corporate culture to attract international talents?” Business Culture 30. Be available online at http://www.ectime.com.cn/Emag.aspx?ADUQCount=4&titleid=11555&page=1. Assessed on 2010/02/23.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). “Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance”. Academy of management Review21(1), 135-172.
Lumpkin, G. T., Cogliser, C. C., & Schneider, D. R. (2009). “Understanding and measuring autonomy: An entrepreneurial orientation perspective”.Entrepreneurship theory and practice33(1), 47-69.
Ma, Y. J., Kim, M. J., Heo, J. S., & Jang, L. J. (2012). “The Effects Entrepreneurship and Market Orientation on Social Performance of Social Enterprise”. In Int Conf Econ Market Manager, 28 (3), 60-65
Mason, M. C., Floreani, J., Miani, S., Beltrame, F., & Cappelletto, R. (2015). “Understanding the Impact of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Smes’ Performance. the Role of the Financing Structure”. Procedia Economics and Finance23(2), 1649-1661.
Morris, M. H., Webb, J. W., & Franklin, R. J. (2011). “Understanding the manifestation of entrepreneurial orientation in the nonprofit context”.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice35(5), 947-971.
Nunnally, Jc. (1978). Psychometric theory.2nd end. New Yourk: McGraw- Hill.
Peschken, T., Shukla, P., Lennon, J., & Rate, S. (2016). “The role of information alignment and entrepreneurial traits on SME internationalization: A conceptual framework”. Management Research Review39(2), 196-214.
Richard, O. C., Wu, P., & Chadwick, K. (2009). “The impact of entrepreneurial orientation on firm performance: the role of CEO position tenure and industry tenure”. The International Journal of Human Resource Management20(5), 1078-1095.
Saarenketo, S., Puumalainen, K., Kuivalainen, O., & Kyläheiko, K. (2004). “Dynamic knowledge-related learning processes in internationalizing high-tech SMEs”. International Journal of Production Economics89(3), 363-378.
Shehu, A. M., & Mahmood, R. (2014). “The Mediating Effect of Organizational Culture on the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Orientation and Firm Performance in Nigeria”. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences5(23), 480-488.
Shepherd, D. A., Covin, J. G., & Kuratko, D. F. (2009). “Project failure from corporate entrepreneurship: Managing the grief process”. Journal of Business Venturing24(6), 588-600.
Shirokova, G., Bogatyreva, K., Beliaeva, T., & Puffer, S. (2016). “Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance in different environmental settings: contingency and configurational approaches”. Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development23(3), 703-727.
Soriano, D. R., & Castrogiovanni, G. J. (2012). “The impact of education, experience and inner circle advisors on SME performance: insights from a study of public development centers”. Small Business Economics38(3), 333-349.
Tenenhaus, M., Amato, S., & Esposito Vinzi, V. (2004, June). “A global goodness-of-fit index for PLS structural equation modeling”. In Proceedings of the XLII SIS scientific meeting. 62(1), 739-742.
Veisi, R., & Irandoost, M. (2015). “Investigation the Effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on Financial Performance of Restaurants”.
Wetzels, M., Odekerken-Schröder, G., & Van Oppen, C. (2009). “Using PLS path modeling for assessing hierarchical construct models: Guidelines and empirical illustration”. MIS quarterly, 33(1), 177-195.
Wiewiora, A., Trigunarsyah, B., Murphy, G., & Coffey, V. (2013). “Organizational culture and willingness to share knowledge: A competing values perspective in Australian context”. International Journal of Project Management31(8), 1163-1174.
Wiklund, J., & Shepherd, D. (2003). “Knowledge‐based resources, entrepreneurial orientation, and the performance of small and medium‐sized businesses”. Strategic management journal24(13), 1307-1314.
Yu, C., & Zhang, T. (2010). “Internal factors affecting the organizational internationalization process: Evidence from Huawei case study”.