علّیت، اثرسازی و عملکرد کسب و کار: یک رویکرد فازی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی آمیخته

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیئت علمی دانشگاه تهران

2 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تهران

3 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه فنی و حرفه ای

4 دانشجوی دکترای دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

اثرسازی و علّیت به عنوان دو منطق بنیادی تصمیم گیری از حوزه های پژوهشی رو به رشد در حوزه کارآفرینی است. هدف این مقاله بررسی تاثیر علّیت و ابعاد اثرسازی (آزمایش­گری، زیان قابل تحمل، انعطاف پذیری و پیش تعهدات) بر عملکرد کسب و کار با رویکرد فازی است. در این پژوهش علاوه بر بررسی علّی شروط لازم و کافی، در شکل گیری عملکرد کسب و کار، ترکیبات موثر علّیت و ابعاد اثرسازی در شکل گیری عملکرد کسب و کار مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. این پژوهش از منظر هدف کاربردی است و داده­ها به روش، توصیفی- همبستگی گردآوری شده است. جامعه آماری پژوهش، بر اساس آمار سازمان نظام صنفی رایانه ای تهران شامل 170 کسب وکار استارتاپی در سال 1399 در شهر تهران است که بیش از سه سال فعالیت دارند. بر اساس فرمول کوکران نمونه آماری 118 محاسبه شد که به روش نمونه گیری تصافی، 120 نمونه گردآوری شده و با نرم‌افزارهایfsQCA3 و SPSS24 تجزیه و تحلیل شده است. بر اساس یافته­ها، از میان علیت و ابعاد مختلف اثرسازی، یک بعد از شروط لازم و پنج بعد نیز از شروط کافی برای عملکرد کسب و کار است. در نهایت دو نوع مسیر علی پیچیده و مرکب احصا شد، که هرکدام از آنها چهار ترکیب مختلف از علیت و ابعاد اثر سازی را در جهت عملکرد کسب و کار معرفی کرده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Causality, effectiveness and business performance: A fuzzy approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • GHOLAM HOSSEIN HOSSEININIA 1
  • Ali Davari 2
  • Vajihe Baghersad 3
  • Taraneh Farokhmanesh 4
1 Department of new business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship , University of Tehran
2 Department of new business. Faculty of Entrepreneurship. The University of Tehran.
3 A faculty member of Technical and Vocational University
4 Ph.D. student in the Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Effectiveness and causality as two fundamental decision logics of growing research areas in the field of entrepreneurship. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of causality and dimensions of effectiveness (experimentation, tolerable losses, flexibility and pre-commitment) on business performance with a fuzzy approach. In this study, in addition to causally examining the necessary and sufficient conditions in the formation of business performance, effective combinations of causality and dimensions of effectiveness in the formation of business performance have been investigated. This research is applied from the perspective of the purpose and the data are collected by descriptive-correlation method. The statistical population of the study, according to the statistics of Tehran Computer Guild Organization, includes 170 startup businesses in Tehran that have been operating for three years. Based on Cochran's formula, a statistical sample of 118 was calculated, 120 samples were collected by random sampling method and analyzed by fsQCA3 and SPSS24 software. According to the findings, among the various causes and dimensions of effectiveness, one dimension is a necessary condition and five dimensions are sufficient conditions for business performance. Finally, two types of complex and complex causal pathways were identified, each of which introduced four different combinations of causation and effect-making dimensions in the direction of business performance.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Effectuation"
  • "Entrepreneurial decision making"
  • " Causation"
  • "Performance"

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