سازماندهی کسب و کار جدید: چه فعالیت‎های پیش‎سازمان را ایجاد می‎کنند؟

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی آمیخته

نویسندگان

1 استاد دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

3 دانشیار دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

با توصیف کارآفرین به‌عنوان خالق کسب‌وکار جدید، مطالعات این حوزه بر رفتار کارآفرین یا همان «سازماندهی سازمان جدید» متمرکز می‎شوند. مطالعات بسیاری در این حوزه به فرآیند کارآفرینی پرداخته‎ و تنها چند مطالعه معدود به پیش‎سازمان به‌عنوان آنچه در ابتدای مسیر خلق کسب‌وکار جدید توسط کارآفرینان ساخته می‎شود، اشاره کرده‎اند. این مطالعات با تأکید بر اینکه پیش‎سازمان‎ها هنوز ویژگی‌های یک سازمان را ندارند، آن‌ها را چیزی بیشتر از یک الگوی تصادفی نمی‎دانند. روش پژوهش حاضر برحسب هدف، کاربردی است. همچنین با استفاده از رویکرد آمیخته – اکتشافی، در جامعه کسب‌وکارهای اینترنتی استان تهران اجرا شده است. بخش کیفی با استفاده از روش‎های دلفی (با حضور 5 نفر از خبرگان)، مدیریت تعاملی و مدل‎سازی ساختاری- تفسیری، با هدف استخراج روابط میان فعالیت‎ها از دید خبرگان انجام شد. در بخش کمّی با هدف تأیید روابط استخراج شده در بخش کیفی، براساس نمونه‎ای با حجم 124 مورد و با استفاده از تحلیل مسیر، 10 فعالیت کلیدی تشکیل‌دهنده پیش‎سازمان و روابط میان آن‌ها شناسایی شد. این فعالیت‌ها عبارتند از: ایجاد تیم، تأمین پول هوشمند، راه‎اندازی فروش، تخصصی‎سازی، یادگیری تأملی، شناسایی نیازهای بازار، تنظیم ارزش پیشنهادی، ایجاد هویت مشترک، تسهیم منافع احتمالی و توسعه ساختار سازمانی؛ فعالیت‎هایی که انتظار می‎رود کارآفرینان برای سازماندهی کسب‌وکار جدید انجام دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Organizing new ventures: Which activities create a pre-organization?

نویسندگان [English]

  • Kambiz Talebi 1
  • S. Hadi Farahzadi 2
  • S. Reza Hejazi 3
  • S. Mojtaba Sajadi 3
1 Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Professor
2 S. Hadi Farahzadi, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
3 Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Associate Professor
چکیده [English]

Conceptualizations of entrepreneurship phenomena as "New Venture Creation" explain it as an organizational phenomenon and more specifically, an organizing process. In this view, organizing is the coordination and establishment of routines, structures and systems; but there is no clear consensus on the answer to the question: what are those routines, structures and systems which must be organized by the entrepreneur?
In this paper, using mixed method of research, ten activities which should be carried out to organize the new organization (preorganization) were identified. Moreover, the enhancement relations between these activities were clarified using interpretive structural modeling method and verified by path analysis quantitative method.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Preorganization
  • Organizing
  • New Venture Creation
  • Interactive Management
  • Interpretive structural modeling
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