تحلیل ابعاد بنگاه‌های مادرزاد بین‌المللی (بمب) حوزۀ فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات (فاوا) در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری دانشگاه سمنان

2 استاد گروه کنترل دانشکده برق دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترای تخصصی، دانشکده اقتصاد،مدیریت و علوم اداری دانشگاه سمنان، سمنان، ایران

چکیده

توسعۀ کسب‌وکارهای بین­المللی از جمله مهم‌ترین ابزارهای توسعۀ اقتصادی به‌شمار می­روند. در حالی‌که هر روز بر سهم بنگاه­های مادرزاد بین­المللی در بازارهای جهانی به‌ویژه حوزۀ فاوا افزوده می­شود، مفهوم جهانی زاده شدن در ایران فراگیر نشده است. در این پژوهش تلاش شده است تا ابعاد متمایزکنندۀ بنگاه­های مادرزاد بین­المللی حوزۀ فاوا در ایران تحلیل شود. پژوهش کاربردی بوده و راهبرد مطالعۀ موردی با روش کیفی تبیینی برای آن انتخاب شده است. داده­ها از طریق انجام 68 مصاحبۀ عمیق نیمه‌ساختار یافته، مشاهده و بررسی اسناد و مدارک از 6 شرکت ایرانی و 4 شرکت اروپایی و صاحب‌نظران حوزۀ فاوا در طول 26 ماه جمع‌آوری و از نرم‌افزار اطلس­تی و کدگذاری برای تحلیل آن استفاده شد. موارد مطالعه به‌روش نمونه‌گیری خوشه­ای تصادفی از میان شرکت­های حوزۀ فاوا انتخاب شده­اند. یافته­های تحقیق نشان داد «نهاد کارآفرین»، «بنگاه»، «دولت» و «اکوسیستم اقتصادی»، ابعاد متمایز در بنگاه­های مادرزاد بین­المللی هستند. در این میان نهاد کارآفرین برجسته‌ترین بُعد توفیق بنگاه برای بین‌المللی شدن است و برخلاف برخی پژوهش­ها حمایت­های دولتی نقش مخرّب بر ورود بنگاه به بازارهای بین ­المللی دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing Dimensions of Born International (BI) Enterprises in the field of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • davood feiz 1
  • Ali Akbar Jalali 2
  • azim zarei 1
  • ehsan souri 3
1 Associate Professor , Economic, Management and Administration Faculty of Semnan University
2 Professor , Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science & Technology, Tehran, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student , Economic, Management and Administration Faculty of Semnan University
چکیده [English]

International business development is one of the most important means of economic development. While international companies are expanding their market share in the global market, the concept of Born Global is not widespread in Iran yet. In this research, attempts have been made to analyze the distinguishing dimensions of globally-established ICT enterprises in Iran. The case study strategy and qualitative explanatory method have been selected for this applied research. Data was collected through 68 interviews, observation and review of documents from 6 Iranian and 4 European companies and many experts in the field of ICT during 26 months. In order to conduct research, cluster sampling has been used and the statistical population was ICT firms. The research findings showed that "Entrepreneur entity," "Firm," "State," and "Economic ecosystem" are the four most effective dimensions in creating BI. Meanwhile, the "Entrepreneur Entity" is the most important feature in the success of a firm in international affairs, and contrary to some researches, governmental supports has an unfavorable role in entering into international markets.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Born International
  • Entrepreneur Entity
  • Economic Ecosystem
  • ICT

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