نقش تفکر کارآفرینانه بر راهبردهای رشد در کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی - کمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشیار دانشکدة کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

ساراسواتی برای تفکر کارآفرینانه به دو منطق اشاره کرد؛ منطق اثرسازی که اغلب در شرایط بی‌اطمینانی مطرح است و فرایند حل مسئله در شرایطی صورت می‌گیرد که آینده قابل‌پیش‌بینی نیست و تصمیم‌گیرندگان با توجه به ابزارهای در اختیار، به شکل‌دهی یا کنترل خروجی اقدام می‌کنند. در مقابل، منطق علی است که اغلب برای تصمیم‌گیری در شرایطی استفاده می‌شود که بی‌اطمینانی وجود ندارد یا پایین است. هدف پژوهش، شناسایی نقش تفکر کارآفرینانه بر راهبرد (استراتژی) رشد کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط است. روش تحقیق از نوع آمیخته- اکتشافی است و نمونة آماری مورد بررسی، 67 نفر از استراتژیست‌های کسب‌وکارهای کوچک هستند، که با بهره‌گیری از روش گلولة برفی و برمبنای تخصص افراد به‌صورت هدفمند انتخاب شدند. داده‌های گردآوری‌شده، در بخش کیفی با استفاده از هشت مصاحبة نیمه‌ساختاریافته و در بخش کمی از طریق تلفیق پرسشنامة حاصل از نتایج بخش کیفی با پرسشنامة چندلر و همکاران به‌دست آمدند. به‌طور کلی یافته‌ها بیانگر وجود رابطة معنادار میان تفکر کارآفرینانه و راهبردهای رشد است. درمورد تفکر اثرسازانه و علی هم نتیجة مشابهی به‌دست آمد. میان ابعاد تفکر اثرسازانه (به‌جز زیان قابل‌تحمل) و راهبردهای رشد نیز رابطة معناداری وجود دارد. البته ضریب همبستگی ابعاد انعطاف‌پذیری و تجربه، پایین‌تر از سایر ابعاد معنادار تفکر اثرسازانه است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The role of entrepreneurial thinking on the growth strategies in small and medium size entrprises

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahid Gheysari 1
  • Kambiz Talebi 2
  • Narges Imanipour 2
1 Ph.D Student, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Sarasvathy has mentioned two logics for entrepreneurial thinking. Effectuation logic, is often used in uncertainty and is the problem solving process in a condition in which future is practically unpredictable and decision makers, based on whatever means they possess, form or control the output. On the contrary, causation logic is often used for decision making in ordinary conditions in which there is either no or low uncertainty. The objective of this research is the recognition of the role of entrepreneurial thinking on growth strategies in small and medium size businesses. The paper applies a mixed-explaratory research methodology and the sample under scrutiny is 67 small-business strategists who have been selected based on targeted statistical sampling by the use of snowball sampling according to their expertise. The data in quality section has been gathered by the use of 8 semi-structured interviews. In the quantity section the data has been collected by the combination of the questionnaire resulted from the quality section and Chandler et.al. questionnaire. The results generally indicate the existence of a meaningful correlation between entrepreneurial thinking and growth strategies. about effectual and causal thinking, similar results were obtained. There is a meaningful relation between aspects of effectual thinking -except for affordable loss- and growth strategies as well. Nevertheless, the correlation coefficient of the aspects of flexibility and experience is lower than other meaningful aspects of effectual thinking.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Effectual thinking
  • causal thinking
  • growth strategies
  • Small and medium-sized businesses
  • tile and ceramic industries

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