واکاوی کارآفرینی رسانه‌ای در بستر شبکه‌های اجتماعی با رویکرد فراترکیب

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت رسانه، دانشکده مدیریت ، واحد سمنان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، سمنان، ایران

2 گروه ارتباطات، دانشکده ارتباطات و رسانه، دانشگاه صداوسیما، تهران، ایران

3 گروه مدیریت رسانه، دانشکده مدیریت ، واحد سمنان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سمنان، ایران

10.22059/jed.2023.361770.654229

چکیده

هدف: ظهور شبکه‌های اجتماعی که منجر به تغییراتی در نحوه انجام فعالیت‌های روزانه کارآفرینان شده است، با توجه به اهمیت شبکه‌های اجتماعی برای کارآفرینان و مزایایی که به آن‌ها ارائه می‌دهد؛ کارآفرینی رسانه‌ای به عنوان رویکردی عملی محسوب می‌شود که فعالیت‌های آن حداقل یک نوآوری برای بازار کسب‌وکارهای رسانه‌ای ایجاد کند.
روش: روش پژوهش از منظر هدف کاربردی و از نظر پژوهشی، کیفی-فراترکیب است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس الگوی هفت مرحله‌ای ساندلوسکی و باروسو به شیوة تحلیل تماتیک روی  85 پژوهش مرتبط با موضوع در پایگاه‌‌های علمی نورمگز، ایرانداک، مگیران، تیلور و فرانسیس، اشپرینگر، گوگل اسکولار، سیج، پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی، ساینس دایرکت، وایلی، امرالد به عنوان نمونة اولیه در بازة زمانی سال‌‌های 1390 تا 1401 انجام شدند. پس از غربال‌گری، 24 مطالعه به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب و نتایج با استفاده از نرم‌افزار مکس‌کیو دی ای 2020 با هم ترکیب شدند.
یافته‌ها: نتایج فراترکیب به شناسایی 11 مقوله اصلی، 22 مفهوم و 110 شاخص منتهی شد که فرهنگ کارآفرینی، نوآوری زیرساخت‌های نوین رسانه‌ای، سرمایه اجتماعی مجازی، مزیت رقابتی و تجاری پلتفرم‌های اجتماعی، سازوکارهای شناسایی فرصت، مشکلات حقوقی و قانونی استقرار کارآفرینی رسانه‌ای، سیاست دولت‌ها و رفتار منابع انسانی، شیوة حکمرانی در پلتفرم‌های اجتماعی و تقویت آموزش مخاطبان و ارتقای سطح آگاهی آن‌ها به همراه هم‌آفرینی ارزش از عناصر محوری مدل بودند.
نتیجه: پژوهش حاضر مطابق با عناصر مدل، چارچوبی منسجم را برای کارآفرینی رسانه‌ای در بستر شبکه‌های اجتماعی ارائه کرده است؛ با تمرکز روی ارتقاء سطح حکمرانی در پلتفرم‌های اجتماعی، ایجاد سرمایه اجتماعی مجازی به واسطة اعتمادسازی و شبکه‌سازی در فضای رسانه‌های اجتماعی و نقش شبکه‌های معتبر کارآفرینی در بهبود اقتصادی و چرخه تولید، زیرساخت‌های ارتباطی و فنآوری به لحاظ پهنای باند و سرعت اینترنت و مراکز داده، شناسایی فرصت‌ها و اولویت‌های کارآفرینانه در صنعت رسانه، رفع چالش‌های حقوقی- قانونی در اخذ مجوز، تشکیل و ثبت شرکت، وضعیت بوروکراسی و مقررات سرمایه‌گذاری، مهارت‌آموزی و نظام آموزش مهارتی نیروی انسانی مشغول در این حوزه، مزایای اقتصادی کارآفرینی در صنعت رسانه در درآمدزایی و خلق ثروت و همسویی فرهنگ کارآفرینی با نظام هنجاری جامعه و بومی‌سازی آن باعث می‌شود تا با شناخت مشتریان، شناخت محصولات رقیب، شناسایی و توجه به نیازهای بازار و مشتری، نیازسنجی از مخاطبان و احترام به سلایق مخاطبان، هم‌آفرینی ارزش در بین بازیگران کارآفرینی رسانه‌ای در بستر شبکه‌های اجتماعی اتفاق بیفتد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Analyzing media entrepreneurship in the context of social networks with a Meta-synthesis approach

نویسندگان [English]

  • Parva Majd 1
  • Davood Nemati Anaraki 2
  • Ali Faez 3
1 PhD student of Media Management, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Faculty of Communication and Media, irib University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Media Management, Semnan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Semnan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Objective: The rise of social networks, which has led to changes in how entrepreneurs carry out their day-to-day activities and Due to the importance of social networks to entrepreneurs and the benefits it offers them; media entrepreneurship is considered as a practical approach whose activities create at least one innovation for the media business market.
Method: The research method is considered applied in terms of the purpose in which a meta-synthetic approach based on documents has been used. The current research is based on the seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso in the way of thematic analysis on 85 researches related to the topic in scientific databases Emerald, Wiley, Science Direct, SID, Sage, Google Scholar, Springer, Taylor & Francis, Magiran, Iran.doc and Noormags were checked as a prototype in the period of 2011 to 2022. After screening, 21 studies were selected by purposive sampling and the results were combined using MAXQDA  2020 software.
Results: The meta-synthesis results led to the identification of 11 main categories, 22 concepts and 110 indicators, which are entrepreneurial culture, innovation of new media infrastructures, virtual social capital, competitive and commercial advantage of social platforms, mechanisms for identifying opportunities, legal and legal problems of establishing media entrepreneurship, government policy and resource behavior. Humanity, governance style in social platforms and strengthening audience education and raising their level of awareness along with value co-creation were the core elements of the model.
Conclusion: According to the elements of the model, the current research has presented a coherent framework for media entrepreneurship in the context of social networks; By improving the level of governance in social platforms and creating virtual social capital through trust building and networking in the space of social media and the role of authentic entrepreneurial networks in economic improvement and the production cycle, it is possible to rely on the qualitative and quantitative level of communication infrastructure and technology to considering the bandwidth and speed of the internet and data centers and identifying entrepreneurial opportunities and priorities in the media industry, solving law-legal challenges in obtaining licenses, forming and registering companies, the state of bureaucracy and investment regulations, and in connection with these axes, skill training and the skill training system of the human force engaged in this field, the economic benefits of entrepreneurship in the media industry in generating income and creating wealth, created the necessary alignment with the entrepreneurial culture, the normative system of the society and its localization. These parameters make it possible to co-create value among media entrepreneurship players in the context of social networks by knowing the customers, knowing the competing products, identifying and paying attention to the needs of the market and customers, assessing the needs of the audience and respecting the tastes of the audience.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Media entrepreneurship
  • social networks
  • meta-synthesis
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