طراحی مدل پارادایمی بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار در خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت، واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران.

2 گروه حسابداری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی،دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی ، قزوین ، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط به عنوان عنصری حیاتی در توسعه پایدار و رشد اقتصادی، نقش بسزایی ایفا می‌کنند. این نوع کسب‌وکارها، با تأثیر فراوانی در تولید ناخالص داخلی، ایجاد اشتغال، تولید درآمد و کاهش فقر در کشورهای درحال‌توسعه و توسعه‌یافته مشارکت دارند. خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار به عنوان گروهی از بنگاه‌های تجاری و غیرتجاری در یک مکان جغرافیایی، با همکاری در تولید محصولات مشابه و مرتبط، ارتباطات عمودی و افقی برقرار می‌کنند و در بسیاری از موارد همکاری جمعی و اقدامات مشترک دارند.خوشه‌بندی امکان ایجاد هماهنگی در شبکه‌های محلی را بین صنایع، دانشگاه‌ها، و سایر عوامل در یک منطقه فراهم می‌آورد، تا به مناطق دیگر نسبت به مزیت رقابتی برخوردار شوند. خوشه‌های کسب وکار به خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار نیاز دارند تا بتوانند به بهترین شکل ممکن از پتانسیل‌ها و امکانات منطقه بهره‌مند شوند. یک خوشه کسب‌وکار، نه‌تنها شامل شرکت‌ها عضو خوشه ، بلکه سازمان‌ها، تأمین‌کنندگان مواد اولیه، پیمانکاران فرعی، خریداران، صادرکنندگان، تأمین‌کنندگان ماشین‌آلات، نهادهای مختلف پشتیبان، مشاوران، خدمات عمومی، واحدهای مرتبط به سیستم حمل‌ونقل و سایر تأمین‌کنندگان خدمات توسعه کسب وکار را نیز شامل می‌شود.پژوهش حاضر باهدف ، ارائه الگوی پارادایمی برای بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار در خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار انجام‌شده است. تلاش دارد این سؤال را پاسخ دهد مدل مناسب بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار در خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار چگونه است و دارای چه مؤلفه‌هایی است؟

روش: این تحقیق از نوع هدف، کاربردی و از حیث ماهیت اکتشافی، برحسب روش تحقیق، کیفی - داده بنیاد است. جامعه آماری ، شامل خبرگان، افراد صاحب‌نظر در زمینه خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار و مشاورین مستقر در مراکز خدمات مشاوره کسب‌وکار سراسر کشور در سال 1401 می‌باشند. نمونه آماری به روش نمونه‌گیری نظری هدفمند به تعداد 16 نفر انتخاب‌شده‌اند. ابزار اصلی جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته بوده و مصاحبه با مشارکت‌کنندگان تا حد اشباع نظری ادامه یافته است. علاوه بر مصاحبه‌ها، از منابع مکتوب نیز استفاده کردیم. همچنین، از مستندات اینترنتی با جستجو در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی و منابع آنلاین، مقالات و مطالب مرتبط با موضوع را بررسی کردیم و از این طریق اطلاعات جدید و به‌روز را به دست آوردیم. به منظور کسب اطمینان از روایی تحقیق، سعی شد نمونه ای آماری از افرادی باشد که از دانش و تخصص لازم در زمینه تحقیق برخوردارند، همچنین سعی شد مداخله محققین در تحقیق به حداقل ممکن برسد. یافته های مصاحبه های انجام شده بعد از پیاده سازی در اختیار شرکت کنندگان (مصاحبه شوندگان) قرارگرفت تا نظرات خود را درباره صحت و دقّت آن بیان نمایند. و پایایی آن با اجرای روش باز آزمون (82/0) تأیید گردیده است. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از بسته نرم‌افزاری تحلیل کیفی مکس کیودا 2020 استفاده شد.

یافته‌ها: در این تحقیق، داده‌های جمع‌آوری‌شده از مصاحبه‌های عمیق نیمه ساختاریافته به سه مرحله کدگذاری تحت عناوین کدگذاری باز، محوری، و انتخابی تحت تحلیل قرار گرفت. در مراحل کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی، 1367 کد خام مرتبط با محورهای اصلی پدیده محوری، عوامل علی، عوامل زمینه‌ای، عوامل مداخله‌گر، راهبردهای تأثیرگذار و پیامدهای پیاده‌سازی مدل استخراج شد. پس از انجام مراحل کدگذاری، 66 مقوله محوری به‌عنوان مقولات نهایی تائید شدند و در 17 مقوله اصلی جایگذاری شدند. در حوزه پدیده محوری 1 مقوله اصلی و 6 مقوله محوری، در حوزه عوامل علی مؤثر، 2 مقوله اصلی و 5 مقوله محوری، در حوزه عوامل زمینه‌ای، 4 مقوله اصلی و 16 مقوله محوری، در حوزه عوامل مداخله‌گر، 5 مقوله اصلی و 16 مقوله محوری، و در حوزه راهبردهای تأثیرگذار، 4 مقوله اصلی و 20 مقوله محوری شناسایی شدند. در زمینه‌ی پیامدها نیز، 1 مقوله اصلی و 3 مقوله محوری به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین مؤلفه‌های تشکیل‌دهنده بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار در خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار شناسایی شدند.

نتیجه: این پژوهش یک مدل پارادایمی برای بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب و کار در خوشه‌های کسب و کار ارائه کرده است.،نظریه مدل بهبود خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار که بر اساس نتایج کدگذاری باز و محوری حاصل‌شده است، بیان می‌کند که خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار تابعی از شرایط علی، از قبیل وضعیت تقاضا و عرضه خدمات کسب‌وکار، شرایط زمینه‌ای از جمله ساختارهای نهادی، عوامل سیاسی و اقتصادی، کارکردهای سازمانی و نهادهای پشتیبان، و شرایط مداخله‌گر، از جمله شرکت شهرک‌های صنعتی استان‌ها، ذی‌نفعان، نظارت و ارزیابی، ویژگی‌ها و عملکرد گروه مدیریت توسعه خوشه و اعتمادسازی، اطلاعات و ارتباطات را دربرمی‌گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Paradigm Model to Improve Business Development Services in Business Clusters

نویسندگان [English]

  • amir hajipour 1
  • Hamid Azizmohammadlou 2
  • Naser Khani 1
  • Bita yazdani 1
1 Department of Management, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran.
2 Department of Accounting, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a vital role in sustainable development and economic growth. These types of businesses significantly contribute to gross domestic product (GDP) generation, employment creation, income production, and poverty reduction in both developing and developed countries. Business clusters, as groups of commercial and non-commercial entities in a geographical location, collaborate in the production of similar and related products, establishing vertical and horizontal communications, and often engage in collective cooperation and joint initiatives. Cluster formation facilitates coordination in local networks among industries, universities, and other factors within a region, enabling them to gain competitive advantages over other regions. Business clusters require business development services to effectively harness the potential and resources of the region. A business cluster comprises not only member companies but also organizations, raw material suppliers, subcontractors, buyers, exporters, machinery suppliers, various support institutions, consultants, public services, transportation system-related units, and other business development service providers. The present research aims to provide a paradigmatic model for improving business development services in business clusters. It seeks to answer the question of how an appropriate model for enhancing business development services in business clusters looks like and what components it encompasses.
 Method: This research is categorized as goal-oriented, practical, and, in terms of nature, exploratory, employing a qualitative and data-driven research method. The statistical population comprises experts, stakeholders in the field of business clusters, and consultants based in business advisory centers nationwide in the year 2022. The sample was selected using purposive theoretical sampling, totaling 16 participants. The primary data collection tool consisted of semi-structured in-depth interviews, continuing until theoretical saturation was achieved. In addition to interviews, written sources were also utilized. Furthermore, online documents were examined through searches in databases and online resources, reviewing articles and relevant materials on the topic to obtain new and updated information. To ensure the research's validity, efforts were made to select a statistical sample of individuals with the necessary knowledge and expertise in the research field. Additionally, researchers' intervention in the study was minimized as much as possible. The findings of the interviews were provided to the participants (interviewees) after implementation for them to express their opinions regarding the accuracy and reliability. The validity of interview questions was confirmed using a content validity method, and its reliability was verified through a test-retest method (82.0). For data analysis, the MAXQDA 2020 qualitative analysis software package was employed.
Results: In this research, the collected data from semi-structured in-depth interviews underwent a three-stage coding process, including open, axial, and selective coding. In the open, axial, and selective coding stages, 1367 raw codes related to the main axes of the phenomenon, causal factors, contextual factors, intervening factors, impactful strategies, and implementation consequences of the extraction model were analyzed. After completing the coding stages, 66 core themes were confirmed as final themes and categorized into 17 main themes. In the domain of the central phenomenon, 1 main theme and 6 core themes, in the domain of influential factors, 2 main themes and 5 core themes, in the domain of contextual factors, 4 main themes and 16 core themes, in the domain of intervening factors, 5 main themes and 16 core themes, and in the domain of impactful strategies, 4 main themes and 20 core themes were identified. In the field of consequences, 1 main theme and 3 core themes were also identified as the most important components shaping the improvement of business development services in business clusters.
Conclusion: This research has proposed a paradigmatic model for enhancing business development services in business clusters.Top of Form
 The research findings demonstrate that the theoretical model of enhancing business development services, derived from the results of open and axial coding, articulates that business development services are influenced by contextual conditions, such as the demand and supply status of business services, contextual factors including institutional structures, political and economic factors, organizational functions and supporting institutions, and intervening conditions, such as the involvement of industrial estates, stakeholders, monitoring and evaluation, features and performance of the cluster development management group, empowerment, and trust-building, information, and communication. These factors create conditions that encompass a diverse range of actions and interactions related to business development services, including the creation and development of both hard and soft structures, networking among stakeholders, and diversification of the business development services domain. The consequences are also examined and evaluated at the macro, cluster, and business levels. Ultimately, the improvement of business development services has been chosen as the central theme, integrating and comprehensively examining other themes.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Business clusters
  • Business development services
  • Business Development Service Providers
  • Paradigm
  • Small and medium industries
ترابی، ژیلا؛ محمدی الیاسی، قنبر؛ سلیمانی، غلامرضا؛ و زعفریان، رضا. (1397). شناسایی چالش‌های ورودی مراکز خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار ایران. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی توسعه کارآفرینی, 11(2), 241-259. Doi:10.22059/JED.2018.68107
جعفری، م.، فضل الله تبار، ح.، یزدانی چمزینی، ع.، و توانا، م. (1399). بررسی جامع سیاست های توسعه صنعتی مبتنی بر خوشه. مجله تولید تمیز، 255، 120142.
جهانشاهی، محسن (1390). برنامه‌ریزی توسعه اقتصادی مبتنی بر رشد خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار (BDS) در کشور. دومین همایش ملی مدیریت پژوهش و فناوری، تهران. https://civilica.com/doc/199928
حائری، ع.، و غوثی، ر. (1395). استفاده از تحلیل پوششی داده ها (DEA) برای بهبود عملکرد فروش در خوشه های کشاورزی ایران با استفاده از شبکه های تجاری و ارائه دهندگان خدمات توسعه کسب و کار (BDSP). مجله مهندسی صنایع و سیستم ها، 9(3)، 82-95. https://www.jise.ir/article_15000_90513ab48ef1937da3829afd7e9e7d22.pdf
خادمی کله لو، محمد و پورزارع، میلاد،1400،نقش خدمات توسعه کسب و کار(BDS)در بهبود اشتغال از طریق پیشرفت شرکتهای کوچک و متوسط،اولین همایش ملی اقتصاد، مدیریت و مهندسی مالی با تاکید بر تولید، پشتیبانی ها و مانع زدایی ها،ارومیه، https://civilica.com/doc/1414569
سلیمانی، غلامرضا؛ عزیزمحمدلو، حمید؛ وحـدت ، سـیاوش (١٣٩٤). توسـعه خوشه‌های کسب‌وکار در ایـران ، دستاوردها و تجارب عملی. قم: انتشارات آیین محمود.
شاهوردی، حمیدرضا؛ صالحی وزیری، حسین؛ مهاجری، مهدی؛ نوری، عبدالهی؛ جلال، سلیمانی، غلامرضا (1394). خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار: مفاهیم و رهیافت‌ها. تهران: انتشارات دانشگاه تربیت مدرس.
عزیز محمدلو، ح.ع.، و رضایی، م. (1395). بررسی نقش خدمات توسعه کسب‌وکار در رشد تولید در بنگاه‌های صنعتی ایران. دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی. https://elmnet.ir/doc/11201978-42152
 
Ali, M. A. (2023). The Impact of Cluster Involvement on Supply Chain Sustainability Performance: Introducing the Sustainability/Involvement Index. In Industry Clusters and Innovation in the Arab World: Challenges and Opportunities (pp. 225-257). Emerald Publishing Limited.  https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80262-871-520231010
Amha, W., & Ageba, G. (2006). Business development services (BDS) in Ethiopia: Status, prospects and challenges in the micro and small enterprise sector. International Journal of Emerging Markets, 1(4), 305–328.https://doi.org/10.1108/17468800610703360
Arfeen, I., Akhtar, M. N., & Naqvi, S. A. H. (2015). Consulting Services: A Review of Literature. Journal of Management Research, 7(2), 1-17. https://ir.knust.edu.gh/handle/123456789/6972
Asafo-Adjei, S. (2015). The impact of business development services on micro enterprises in the Asante Akim South District of the Ashanti Region (Doctoral dissertation).https://ir.knust.edu.gh/handle/123456789/6972
Augier, M., & Teece, D. J. (2006). Understanding complex organization: the role of know-how, internal structure, and human behavior in the evolution of capabilities. Industrial and Corporate Change, 15(2), 395-416. https://doi.org/10.1093/icc/dtl005
Aziz Mohammadlou, H. A., & Rezaei, M. (2016). Investigating the role of business development services in the growth of production in Iranian industrial enterprises. Imam Khomeini International University, Faculty of Social Sciences. Retrieved from https://elmnet.ir/doc/11201978-42152. [In Persian]
Baggio, R., & Sheresheva, M. (2014). Network approach in economics and management: The interdisciplinary nature (No. 0011). Moscow State University, Faculty of Economics.  https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:upa:wpaper:0011
Bateman, M. (2000). Neo-Liberalism, SME Development and the Role of Business Support Centres in the Transition Economies of Central and Eastern Europe. Small Business Economics, 14(4), 275–298. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40229123
Benazic, D. (2021). THE ROLE OF SERVICE QUALITY IN SELECTING BUSINESS CONSULTING PROVIDERS. Economic and Social Development: Book of Proceedings, 24-32. https://www.proquest.com/conference-papers-proceedings/role-service-quality-selecting-business/docview/2508649929/se-2
 Beyene, M.Y. (2018). Business Development Service (BDS) Role in Improving the Performance of SMEs in Case of Selected Manufacturing SMEs in Adama Town, Ethiopia. European Journal of Business and Management, 10, 34-38. https://doi.org/10.35308/jpp.v8i3.5399
Bergenholtz, C., & Waldstrøm, C. (2011). Inter-organizational network studies—a literature review. Industry and innovation, 18(6), 539-562. https://doi.org/10.1080/13662716.2011.591966
Biech, E. (2011). The business of consulting: The basics and beyond. John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?id=F01z3vjTHEwC&lpg=PT14&ots=KzBg4kvHUm&dq=The%20Business%20of%20Consulting%3A%20The%20Basics%20and%20Beyond.%20John%20Wiley%20%26%20Sons.&lr&pg=PT83#v=onepage&q&f=false
Bomani, M., Fields, Z., & Derera, E. (2015). Historical overview of small and medium enterprise policies in Zimbabwe. Journal of Social Sciences, 45(2), 113-129. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2015.11893493
Brachert, Matthias, Mirko Titze, and Alexander Kubis. 2011. Identifying industrial clusters from a multidimensional perspective: Methodical aspects with an application to Germany. Papers in Regional Science 90: 419–39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5957.2011.00356.x
Brenner, T., & Mühlig, A. (2013). Factors and mechanisms causing the emergence of local industrial clusters: A summary of 159 cases. Regional studies47(4), 480-507. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2012.701730
Brijlal, P. (2008). Business Development Service: Addressing The Gap In The Western Cape, South Africa. International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER)7(9). https://doi.org/10.19030/iber.v7i9.3292
Chen, M., Hao, Y., Zhang, Y., & Guo, T. (2021). A Deep Learning-Based Clustering Algorithm for Customer Segmentation. IEEE Access, 9, 17830-17841. DOI:10.1109/TKDE.2017.2763620
Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development. (2001). Guidelines for donor intervention in SME development. Retrieved from https://www.ifc.org/wps/wcm/connect/9a4f7e804885d5e1a1d7efdf9f5d5bbd/Donor_Guidelines_SME.pdf?MOD=AJPERES&CVID=lpd9EcC.
Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development. (2001). Business development services for small enterprises: Guiding principles for donor intervention. Washington, DC: World Bank. https://www.enterprise-development.org/wp-content/uploads/BDS-Guiding-Principles-2001-English.pdf
Damoah, O. B. O. (2020). Strategic factors predicting the likelihood of youth entrepreneurship in Ghana: A logistic regression analysis. World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 16(4), 389–401. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-06-2018-0057
Delgado, M., Porter, M. E., & Stern, S. (2014). Clusters, convergence, and economic performance. Research Policy, 43(10), 1785-1799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.respol.2014.05.007
Duncan Borg Ellul, Tracey Wond. (2020). The role and impact of executive coaching in the Maltese Public Sector. nternational Journal of Public Leadership. Vol. 16 No. 2, 2020pp. 145-173 DOI:10.1108/IJPL-11-2019-0075
Dvouletý, O., & Orel, M. (2019). Entrepreneurial activity and its determinants: Findings from African developing countries. Contributions to Management Science, 9–24. https://doi.org/10.1108/WJEMSD-06-2018-0057
Ellul, D. B., & Wond, T. (2020). The role and impact of executive coaching in the Maltese Public Sector. International Journal of Public Leadership16(2), 145-173. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPL-11-2019-0075
European Commission. (2020). Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the EU: At the crossroads between job creation and technological innovation.
European Observatory on Clusters and Industrial Change. (2020). European Panorama of Clusters and Industrial Change. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union. Retrieved from https://clustercollaboration.eu/sites/default/files/news_attachment/european_panorama_2020.pdf
Fielder, F.E. (1964). A contingency model of leadership performance. In L. Berkowitz (ed), Advances in experimental social psychology. New York: Academic Press.https://doi.org/10.1016/1048-9843(95)90032-2
Frank, A. G., de Souza Mendes, G. H., Benitez, G. B., & Ayala, N. F. (2022). Service customization in turbulent environments: service business models and knowledge integration to create capability-based switching costs. Industrial Marketing Management, 100, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2021.10.010
Gherghina, S. C., Botezatu, M. A., Hosszu, A., & Simionescu, L. N. (2020). Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): The engine of economic growth through investments and innovation. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/su12010347
Giuliani, E., Balland, P. A., & Matta, A. (2019). Straining but not thriving: Understanding network dynamics in underperforming industrial clusters. Journal of Economic Geography19(1), 147-172. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lbx046
Goyal, S., Sergi, B. S., & Esposito, M. (2018). Business development services for micro, small and medium enterprises–literature review of past trends and future directions. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 14(3), 312-332. DOI: 10.1504/WREMSD.2018.091688
Haeri, A., & Ghousi, R. (2016). Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to improve the sales performance in Iranian agricultural clusters by utilizing business networks and business development services providers (BDSPs). Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering9(3), 82-95. https://www.jise.ir/article_15000_90513ab48ef1937da3829afd7e9e7d22.pdf. [In Persian]
Hakizimana, S., Makau, S. M., & Kavinda, L. (2023). Business Development Services and Government Regulations: Prospects and Challenges of Youth-Owned Enterprises in Kigali Rwanda. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.47742/ijbssr.v4n3p2
Hollanders, H. (2020). European Panorama of Clusters and Industrial Change-Performance of strong clusters across 51 sectors. https://policycommons.net/artifacts/4313772/european-panorama-of-clusters-and-industrial-change/5123364/ on 26 Feb 2024. CID: 20.500.12592/fh1bv8.
International Finance Corporation. (2006). Access to Finance for women entrepreneurs.
International Labor Organization (ILO). (n.d.). Business Development Services (BDS). Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/small-and-medium-sized-enterprises/WCMS_242596/lang--en/index.htm.
Jafari, M., Fazlollahtabar, H., Yazdani-Chamzini, A., & Tavana, M. (2020). A comprehensive review of cluster-based industrial development policies. Journal of Cleaner Production, 255, 120142. [In Persian]
Jahanshahi, Mohsen (2011). Economic development planning based on the growth of Business Development Services (BDS) in the country. In the second national research and technology management conference, Tehran.https://civilica.com/doc/199928/. [In Persian]
Jardon, C. M. (2018). Location and Competitiveness in Subsistence Small Businesses. Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal, 28, 155-171. DOI:10.1108/CR-11-2016-0075
Kasemsap, K. (2017). The Importance of Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty in the Service Sector. In S. Rozenes & Y. Cohen (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Strategic Alliances and Value Co-Creation in the Service Industry (pp. 59-82). IGI Global. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2084-9.ch004
Ketata, I., Ben Brahim, A., & Slim, A. (2019). Challenges faced by clusters in the implementation of innovation: case of the cluster of aeronautics and space in Tunisia. Journal of Innovation & Knowledge, 4(3), 134-142.
Khademi Kallu, Mohammad and Pourzare, 1400, the role of business development services (BDS) in improving employment through the development of small and medium enterprises, the first national conference on economics, management and financial engineering with an emphasis on production, supports and disincentives, Urmia. https://civilica.com/doc/1414569. [In Persian]
Khakimov, Z. A. (2019). Synergy effect textile clusters of Uzbekistan. Asian Journal of Technology & Management Research, 9, 65–71.  https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15030129
Kozonogova, E., Kurushin, D., & Dubrovskaya, J. (2019). Computer visualization of the identify industrial clusters task using GVMap. Scientific visualization11(5), 126. DOI: 10.26583/sv.11.5.11
Kweka, A. E., Makindara, J. R., & Bengesi, K. M. K. (2022). Business Development Services Providers: Pathways and Involvement of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Arusha City and the Moshi Municipality, Tanzania. African Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship1(2), 29-61. DOI:10.31920/2753-314X/2022/v1n2a2
Li, J., Chen, Y., & Liu, Y. (2021). A novel customer behavior analysis model for service quality improvement in the manufacturing industry. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 1-16.
Li, W., Veliyath, R., & Tan, J. (2013). Network characteristics and firm performance: An examination of the relationships in the context of a cluster. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(1), 1-22.  
López-Fernández, J. M., Maté-Sánchez-Val, M., & Somohano-Rodriguez, F. M. (2021). The effect of micro-territorial networks on industrial small and medium enterprises’ innovation: A case study in the Spanish region of Cantabria. Papers in Regional Science, 100(1), 51–77. https://doi.org/10.1111/pirs.12568.
Madison, K., Moore, C. B., Daspit, J. J., & Nabisaalu, J. K. (2022). The influence of women on SME innovation in emerging markets. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 16(2), 281–313. DOI: 10.1002/sej.1422. https://doi.org/10.1002/sej.1422
Makanyeza, C., Mabenge, B. K., & Ngorora‐Madzimure, G. P. K. (2023). Factors influencing small and medium enterprises’ innovativeness: Evidence from manufacturing companies in Harare, Zimbabwe. Global Business and Organizational Excellence42(3), 10-23. https://doi.org/10.1002/joe.22180
Marimuthu, M., Arokiasamy, L., & Maimunah, I. (2009). Human capital development and its impact on firm perfomance: Evidence from developmental economics. The Journal of International Social Research, 2(8), 265–272. https://www.sosyalarastirmalar.com/articles/human-capital-development-and-its-impact-on-firm-performance-evidence-from-developmental-economics.pdf
Mazanai, M., & Fatoki, O. (2011). The effectiveness of business development services providers (BDS) in improving access to debt finance by start-up SMEs in South Africa. International Journal of Economics and Finance, 3(4), 208-216. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijef.v3n4p208
Mazanai, M., & Fatoki, O. (2012). Perceptions of start-up small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) on the importance of business development services providers (BDS) on improving access to finance in South Africa. Journal of Social Sciences, 30(1), 31-41. https://doi.org/10.1080/09718923.2012.11892980
Mbura, O. K., & Bambaganya, M. W. (2016). Success and usefulness of business development services in Tanzania’s SMEs market. Business Management Review, 18(2). URI: http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11810/4697
McCann, B. T., & Folta, T. B. (2011). Performance differentials within geographic clusters. Journal of Business Venturing, 26, 104–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2009.04.004
Mihiotis, Athanassios; Argirou, Niki.The Journal of Management Development; Bradford Vol. 35, Iss.4, (2016): 448-463. DOI :10. 108JMD-10-2014-0139
Muller, E., & Doloreux, D. (2009). What we should know about knowledge-intensive business services. Technology in society, 31(1), 64-72. DOI:10.1016/j.techsoc.2008.10.001
Mwaniki, Z., Ngugi, P., & Nyang’au, S. (2022). Relationship Between Business Development Services and Growth of Small and Medium Enterprises in Kenya. European Journal of Business and Strategic Management7(1), 1-14. Nguyen, P. V., Huynh, H. T. N., Lam, L. N. H., Le, T. B., & Nguyen, N. H. X. (2021). The impact of entrepreneurial leadership on SMEs’ performance: the mediating effects of organizational factors. Heliyon7(6). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07326
Nguyen, H. A., Phuong, T. T., Le, T. T. B., & Vo, L. P. (2020). Vietnamese women entrepreneurs’ motivations, challenges, and success factors. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 22(2), 215-226. https://doi.org/10.1177/1523422320907050
Njoroge, M., & Kaluyu, V. (2020). Business development services access as a strategic response to market disruption among small and medium enterprises. DOI:10.1177/23939575221139069
OECD. (2021). SME and entrepreneurship policy in response to the COVID-19 crisis. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/sme-and-entrepreneurship-policy-in-response-to-the-covid-19-crisis-4e731a58/
Osinde, S. K. (2014). Effect of business development services on the performance of small scale entrepreneurs in Kenya. A survey of small scale enterprises in Kisii municipality (Doctoral dissertation). http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1216
Panca O. Hadi PutraHarry B. Santos. (2020). Contextual factors and performance impact of e-business use in Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon. 2020.e03568.
Papagiannidis, S., See-To, E. W. K., Assimakopoulos, D. G., & Yang, Y. (2018). Identifying industrial clusters with a novel big-data methodology: Are SIC codes (not) fit for purpose in the Internet age? Computers & Operations Research, 98, 355–366. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cor.2017.06.010
Parameth, C. (2017). Introduction to business development services
Pavelkova, D., Zizka, M., Homolka, L., Knapkova, A., & Pelloneova, N. (2021). Do clustered firms outperform the non-clustered? Evidence of financial performance in traditional industries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja34(1), 3270-3292.  https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2021.1874460
Porter, M. E. (1998). Clusters and the new economics of competition (Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 77-90). Boston: Harvard Business Review.
Putra, P. O. H., & Santoso, H. B. (2020). Contextual factors and performance impact of e-business use in Indonesian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Heliyon6(3). DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03568
Razminienė, K., Vinogradova-Zinkevič, I., & Tvaronavičienė, M. (2021). Tracing relationship between cluster’s performance and transition to the circular economy. Sustainability13(24), 13933. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132413933
Sanderson, A. (2016, February 24). SMEs should invest in capacity development.
Sandra, H. A. N. N. I. G. (2018). Leveraging Business Development Services for SME Productivity Growth.https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers? referenceid=2799258
Shahvardi, Hamidreza; Salehi Waziri, Hossein; Mohajeri, Mehdi; Nouri, Abdulahi; Jalal, Soleimani, Gholamreza (2014). Business Development Services: Concepts and Approaches. Tehran: Tarbiat Modares University Press.https://pub.modares.ac.ir/book_treasure.php? mod=viewbook&book_id=71&slc_lang=fa&sid=1. [In Persian]
Sheresheva, M. Y., Valitova, L. A., Sharko, E. R., & Buzulukova, E. V. (2022). Application of Social Network Analysis to Visualization and Description of Industrial Clusters: A Case of the Textile Industry. Journal of Risk and Financial Management15(3), 129. https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm15030129
Shrestha, P. M. (2021). Impact of Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty. Management Dynamics24(2), 71–80. https://doi.org/10.3126/md.v24i2.50041
Silpcharu, T. (2021). Second Order Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Consulting Services in The Industrial Business Sector. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 20(3), 1-12. https://www.abacademies.org/abstract/second-order-confirmatory-factor-analysis-of-consulting-services-in-the-industrial-business-sector-10654.html
Small and medium-sized enterprises in Japan: past, present and future, Asian Business & Management.
Smith, D. (2022). Enhancing Business Development Services in Industrial Clusters: A Framework for Improving Performance. Journal of Cluster Science, 10(2), 45-58.
Soleimani, Gholamreza; Aziz Mohammadlou, Hamid; Vahadt, Siavash (2015). Development of business clusters in Iran, achievements and practical experiences. Qom: Ayin Mahmoud Publications. [In Persian]
Sosnovskikh, S. (2017). Industrial clusters in Russia: The development of special economic zones and industrial parks. Russian Journal of Economics, 3(2), 174-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ruje.2017.06.004
Stejskal, J. (2011). Analysis of the applicability of selected methods for industrial clusters identifying. International journal of systems applications, engineering & development, 5(3), 255-262. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309042593_Analysis_of_the_applicability_of_selected_methods_for_industrial_clusters_identifying
Suzuki, A., & Igei, K. (2017). Can efficient provision of business development services bring better results for SMEs: Evidence from a networking project in Thailand (No. 147). JICA Research Institute.https://doi.org/10.18884/00000803
The Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development. (2001). Business Development Services for Small Enterprises: Guiding Principles for Donor Intervention. https://www.enterprise-development.org/wp-content/uploads/BDS-Guiding-Principles-2001-English.pdf
Torabi, J., Mohammadi Elyasi, G., Soleimani, G., & Zaefarian, R. (2018). Identifying Challenges related with outputs of Business Development Service Centers in Iran. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 11(2), 241-259. Doi: 10.22059/JED.2018.68107 . [In Persian]
UNCTAD. (2005a). Information Economy Report 2005: Unlocking the Potential of E-commerce for Developing Countries (Chapter VI). United Nations publication. Retrieved from https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/ier2005_en.pdf
UNDP. (2004). Business development services for small enterprises: Guiding principles for donor intervention. United Nations Development Programme. Retrieved from https://www.undp.org/content/dam/undp/library/Enterprise%20Development/Business%20Development%20Services%20for%20Small%20Enterprises%20Guiding%20Principles%20for%20Donor%20Intervention.pdf
Vom Hofe, R., & Bhatta, S. D. (2007). Method for Identifying Local and Domestic Industrial Clusters Using Interregional Commodity Trade Data. Industrial Geographer, 4(2). https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Volume-4%2C-Issue-2%3A-2007-Method-for-Identifying-and-Hofe-Oh/f50f126d802628bf0e7fbfd66ddc35d8d6e57f9b
Von Richthofen, G., & von Wangenheim, F. (2021). Managing service providers in the sharing economy: Insights from Airbnb’s host management. Journal of Business Research, 134, 765-777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2021.06.049
Washington, O., James, G., & Peter, K. (2014). The Effect of Business Development Services on Performance of Small and Medium scale enterprise in Kenya. International Journal of Business and Social Research, Volume 4, No. 6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18533/ijbsr.v4i6.536
Yim, D. S., Kim, W., & Nam, Y. H. (2020). The Strategic Transformation from Innovation Cluster to Digital Innovation Cluster during and after COVID-19. Asian Journal of Innovation & Policy, 9(2). https://openurl.ebsco.com/EPDB%3Agcd%3A14%3A3777006/detailv2?sid=ebsco%3Aplink%3Ascholar&id=ebsco%3Agcd%3A145642459&crl=c
Zilwa, P. (2020). Business Development Services (BDS) and SMME Development in South Africa. ()., Faculty of Commerce, Graduate School of Business (GSB). Retrieved from http://hdl.handle.net/11427/33062