طراحی مدلی از بازیگران اکوسیستم نوآوری جهت ورود شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان به بازارهای بین‌المللی

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی آمیخته

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و علوم اداری، دانشگاه دانشگاه سمنان. ایران.

2 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده علوم اداری و اقتصاد، دانشگاه ولیعصر (عج) رفسنجان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: اکوسیستم نوآوری مفهومی سیال و چند بعدی است و شناخت آن نیازمند رویکردی جامع و کل­نگر است. این تحقیق در ابتدا به دنبال شناسایی بازیگرانی در اکوسیستم نوآوری است که باعث ورود شرکت­های دانش بنیان به بازارهای بین المللی می­شوند و سپس مدلی از این بازیگران ارائه می­شود.
روش: روش تحقیق در این مقاله توصیفی- پیمایشی با روش اکتشافی- کاربردی است. از نظر نوع داده­ها، روش ترکیبی (کیفی- کمی) و روش جمع­آوری داده­ها ثانویه و میدانی (مصاحبه-پرسشنامه) است. جامعه آماری در مرحله کیفی شامل خبرگان و کارآفرینان شرکت­های دانش­بنیان دارای سابقه اجرایی و پژوهشی و در مرحله کمی شامل کارافرینان و مدیران شرکت­های دانش بنیان در استان سمنان، دارای حداقل 10 سال سابقه کار اجرایی بودند.
یافته­ها: با توجه به کیفیت کدهای اولیه و سازماندهی آن در قالب مفاهیم و مقوله‌ها، اکوسیستم نوآوری شامل شرایط تأمین مالی، شرایط سیاسی، قوانین و مقررات، سازوکارهای ارتباطی و بازیگران تأثیرگذار در پنج دسته است. در مجموع 87 کد اولیه شمارش شده، سپس در قالب 5 دسته مضامین سطح دوم دسته­بندی شدند که شرایط سیاسی و قوانین و مقررات بیشترین تأثیر را داشتند و تأمین مالی و مکانیسم‌های ارتباطی، نیز از تأثیرپذیرترین بازیگران اکوسیستم بودند.
نتیجه­ گیری: نتایج نشان داد شتاب­دهنده­ها، تامین مالی از بانک­ها (وام­ها)، سرمایه­گذاران یا فرشتگان و حمایت خانواده به عنوان منبع تامین مالی هستند. لذا برخی از مهم­ترین سیاست­ها و برنامه­های دولت برای توسعه کارآفرینی، ایجاد ثبات سیاسی، امکان ورود به بازارهای هدف و دسترسی به درگاه­های پرداخت برای شرکت­های دانش بنیان است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a Model of Innovation Ecosystem Actors for the Entry of Knowledge-based Companies into International Markets

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hadi Ghazvini 1
  • Morteza Maleki Minbashrazgah 1
  • Davood feiz 1
  • Mehdi Dehghani Soltani 2
1 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Economics, Management and Administrative Sciences, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
2 Department of Management, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economic, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: Knowledge-based companies are not able to develop innovation alone due to their complex and non-linear nature of the innovation process. They are highly dependent on external actors to improve their innovation capabilities, and thus they create innovation ecosystems that expand their boundaries. The innovation ecosystem is a fluid and multidimensional concept, and its recognition requires a comprehensive and holistic approach. This research initially seeks to identify actors in the innovation ecosystem that cause knowledge-based companies to enter international markets, and then presents a model of these actors.
Method: The research method in this article is descriptive-survey, using exploratory-applied method; in terms of the type of data, it is a mixed method (qualitative-quantitative) and in terms of data collection method, it is of secondary and field data collection method (interview-questionnaire). The statistical population in the qualitative stage includes experts and entrepreneurs in knowledge-based companies who had relevant executive and research experience, and in the quantitative stage, it includes entrepreneurs and managers of knowledge-based companies in Semnan province, with at least 10 years of work experience.
Findings: According to the quality of the primary codes and its organization in the form of concepts and categories, the innovation ecosystem includes financing conditions, political conditions, laws and regulations, communication mechanisms and influential actors in five categories. The results in the qualitative part indicate that a total of 87 initial codes were counted, then they were categorized in the form of 5 categories of second-level organizing themes, where political conditions and laws and regulations are the most influential, and financing and communication mechanisms are the most impressionable actors in the ecosystem.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this research, the innovation ecosystem includes five categories of financing conditions, political conditions, laws and regulations, communication mechanisms and influential actors. To be strongly present in the economy, knowledge-based companies are required to optimize their organization and strengthen their competitive base, which in this research are accelerators, financing from banks (loans), investors or angels, and family support as sources of financing. In political conditions, some researchers point to the role of the government in facilitating entrepreneurial activities and creating new companies in international markets. Some of the most important government policies and programs for the development of entrepreneurship include creating political stability, allowing entry into target markets and access to payment gateways for knowledge-based companies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation Ecosystem"
  • International Markets"
  • "
  • Knowledge-based Companies"

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