مرور نگاشت نظامند بر تحقیقات اثرگذار در حوزه‌ی تشخیص فرصت کارآفرینانه و تحلیل رویکرد شناختی: از سال 1994-2018

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی - کمی

نویسندگان

1 دانشگاه تهران

2 استاد تمام دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار دانشگاه تهران پردیس فارابی

4 دانشیار دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

به‌رغم رشد بی‌سابقه‌ی تحقیقات در زمینه تشخیص فرصت کارآفرینانه در دهه‌های اخیر، اما انباشت دانش در این زمینه با شکست مواجه شده است. این مطالعه درصدد است تا با نگاشت نظامند این حوزه، موجب بهبود در درک ساختار و محتوای ادبیات شود. از این‌رو روش پژوهش برحسب هدف کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات، توصیفی- مرور اسنادی در نظر گرفته شده است. برای انتخاب مقاله‌ها از روش جست‌و‌جوی نظام‌مند در 19 مجله معتبر کارآفرینی و مدیریت استفاده شده است. از مجموع 362 مقاله جمع‌آوری شده در فاز اول جست‌و‌جو، در نهایت با استفاده از ابزار کَسپ (CASP)  تعداد 71 مقاله که در فاصله زمانی 1988 تا 2018 منتشر شده است، انتخاب و تحلیل شدند. در این مطالعه سعی شد تا بدنه‌ی ادبیات براساس سه معیار تمرکز تحقیق، دیدگاه نظری و روش‌شناسی نگاشت شود. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که تمرکز مقاله‌های یادشده اغلب معطوف به بررسی دو حوزه‌ی چرایی و چگونگی این فرآیند است. همچنین در این مطالعه نظریه‌های به‌کار گرفته شده در تشخیص فرصت به تفکیک تمرکز نظری مطالعات نیز بررسی و مشخص شد. به‌علاوه، مرور انجام شده از منظر روش‌شناسی نشان می‌دهد که مطالعات فرصت اغلب کیفی- مفهومی هستند و سهم مطالعات کمی- مفهومی در پایین‌ترین رتبه قرار دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Systematic Mapping Review and analysis of cognitive science in Opportunity Identification Literature: 1994-2018

نویسندگان [English]

  • Vahideh Bamshad 1
  • kambiz talebi 2
  • hamidreza yazdani 3
  • Zahra Arasti 4
1 Tehran University
2 Professor, University of Tehran,
3 assistant professor
4 university of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this systematic mapping review is to map out and categorize existing literature of the entrepreneurial opportunity recognition, and to identify the research gap in this field. Since the research questions seek to provide an overview of the opportunity identification process (OIP) literature at a higher level of granularity, the Systematic Mapping Review has been selected as the research method. 71 articles published during 1994-2018 in 19 academic journals were selected, analyzed, and classified concerning research focus (two main sections of antecedents and mechanisms), research type (conceptual-qualitative, conceptual-quantitative, empirical-quantitative, and empirical-qualitative), research method and data source. The results show that despite the growing popularity of opportunity literature in recent years, the fragmented nature of OIP publications among all journals is worrying. Also, analysis of articles revealed an increased propensity for antecedents-focus researches, while mechanisms-focus studies predominantly affect the OIP literature. Given the heterogeneous nature of how opportunities are identified, a need to integrate and test multiple theories arise. Moreover, from the methodological view, the young discipline of OIP research has a substantial scientific gap and suffers from a lack of empirical and exploratory studies. This study addresses the recent patterns, developments, and gaps by proposes a research agenda around topics and methods, intending to help entrepreneurs and researchers develop more effective practices.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Opportunity Identification Process
  • Entrepreneurial Opportunity Identification
  • Systematic Mapping Review
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