Conceptualization of hybrid entrepreneurs' success model in Iran

Being capable to initiate and persist in activities associated with identifying, exploring, and implementing opportunities for value creation for an aspiring entrepreneur. This is especially true for the growing number of aspiring entrepreneurs who undertake a hybrid entrepreneurial entry path, whereby an individual simultaneously engages in startup activities while remaining employed elsewhere during their career transition. Hybrid entrepreneurship in self-employment activity while simultaneously hold a primary in waged work. This phenomenon has received increasing scholarly attention in recent years. Hybrid entrepreneurs are individuals who are employees and entrepreneurs at the same time. In their quest to make their businesses successful, they commonly encounter challenges and adversities. This makes entrepreneurial persistence as a key factor in the success of hybrid entrepreneurs. Having a wage job can make running a venture more challenging, increas the likelihood that hybrid entrepreneurs will quit their entrepreneurial activities. For instance, hybrid entrepreneurs must maintain a dual focus on both their wage work and entrepreneurial work and must perform well in the former while keeping their venture running concurrently. Hybrid entrepreneurship can have a positive role in decreasing unemployment and economic growth. However, there was no any study in literature review evaluating for success of Iranian hybrid entrepreneurs. This study was conducted to provide a model for the success of hybrid entrepreneurs with the help of grounded theory. The method of this study was qualitative and was done in the form of in-depth interview Theoretical saturation was occurred after 25 interviews when new data and information were not added. In the current study, 91 concepts were extracted for the success of hybrid entrepreneurs. In the current study, economic and financial factors, psychological factors, learning and experiences, learning skills, personality characteristics, supports of family and others and competencies were identified as causal factors. Administrative bureaucracy, financial barriers and cultural barriers were known as underlying factors. Climate change, market fluctuations and environmental turbulence were identified as interventional factors affecting success of Iranian hybrid entrepreneurs. The interviewers mentioned educational strategies, modeling, reducing administrative bureaucracy, motivate strategies, managerial and financial facilities strategies were considered as reasons for success of Iranian hybrid entrepreneurs. In addition, interviewer’s mentioned to improve entrepreneurship spirit, development of the industry and development of economic as results for success of Iranian hybrid entrepreneurs. Based on the results obtained in the model, educational strategies such as education of entrepreneurs, continued view from success entrepreneurship, improving entrepreneurship and marketing skills, help from specialists and corporation in startup events, modeling of success entrepreneurs, decreasing administrative bureaucracy, financial supports by facilities and support for purchasing products and also predicting risk and considering strategy were suggested for success of Iranian hybrid entrepreneurs. This study could cover gaps in literature review for hybrid entrepreneurs but future studies are required to investigate this field.