Designing and Evaluating the Effect of Social Entrepreneurship Model on reducing the Problems of Child Labor (Case Study: Kermanshah City)

Background : The phenomenon of "working children" is a social problem that, if not paid attention to, threatens the health of a large part of the society. One of the effective measures to solve this problem is to take advantage of social entrepreneurial efforts. A subject that has received less attention from scientific societies as a result of this theoretical vacuum and correct practical experience; Policymakers and other actors often act without a specific plan and strategy, and in some cases they may have independent and even conflicting actions.

Objective: The purpose of this research is to identify the spheres of social entrepreneurship, to identify the dimensions and effects of this issue and to provide a model to improve the problems of working children in Kermanshah.

research method : This research was exploratory, applied and with a mixed approach (qualitative-quantitative) in 2020-2020. The data collection method is descriptive (non-experimental). The data collection tool in qualitative part of the interview is semi-structured. The study population in the qualitative section of 20 managers and experts and active individuals of NGOs, NGOs, Social Welfare Organization, Emdad Imam Committee and Kermanshah Municipality were selected by purposeful sampling method and after theoretical saturation, data were analyzed by the data-based method in three stages that are done in the data-base method (Pivotal recoding of selective coding). The approach used in this research is Strauss and Corbyn's systematic approach. In the quantitative part of the data collection tool, a researcher-made questionnaire was investigated and revised for the validity of the questionnaire using the viewpoint and guidance of the supervisor and consultant of the questionnaire in order to achieve the researcher's designed questions. McDonald's coefficient method was used for the reliability of the questionnaire and the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was calculated 0.841. The statistical population in the quantitative part of the study included 314 organizations in Kermanshah which include: Welfare Organization, Islamic Republic of Iran's Law Force, Justice, Municipality, Labor and Social Administration, Health and Medical Education Department, Health Care Organization, Social Security Organization, Broadcasting Organization of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Red Crescent Society, Islamic Republic of Iran, Education Department, Imam Relief Committee, Societies and Charity Associations and Non-governmental Organizations (SAMs and NGOs). Based on Morgan's table, 175 people from the same statistical population were selected for the study.

Findings : In qualitative section, three causal factors, eight intervening factors, three underlying factors, four strategic factors and three factors of outcome were identified and confirmed. In the quantitative section, the value of T statistic was calculated more than 1.96 and a significant value was obtained at 95% confidence level less than 0.05 and the assumptions were accepted. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling and SMART PLS software.

Conclusion : The results of the study showed that social entrepreneurship has a positive and significant effect on improving the economic and social conditions of working children. The sum of influencing variables independently or in combination are effective in its formation and level of influence. The model extracted in the qualitative part has been verified in the quantitative part.