شناسایی مکانیزم های سازمانی استخدام و کارمندیابی کارآفرینانه، مشوق رفتار کارآفرینانه سازمانی (صنایع منتخب)

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه کارآفرینی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قزوین، قزوین،ایران

2 گروه کارآفرینی سازمانی، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 گروه کسب و کار جدید، دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

 هدف: در عصر حاضر که تغییر و تحولات محیطی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های فراروی سازمان‌ها به شمار می‌روند، بهره‌گیری مناسب از استعدادها و توانایی‌های افراد در تدوین چارچوب‌ها و الگوهای فکری جدید، نقش حیاتی در تحقق کارآفرینی سازمانی دارد. از این رو تاثیرگذاری بر سرمایه‌های انسانی از طریق اقدامات راهبردی مدیریت منابع انسانی می‌تواند منجر به بروز رفتار کارآفرینانه در میان کارکنان در جهت اهداف سازمان اعم از رشد سودآوری، نوآوری و ... شود. هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی سازوکارهای مدیریت منابع انسانی در بخش استخدام و کارمندیابی که مشوق رفتار کارآفرینانه هستند.
روش: برای تحقق هدف پژوهش از رویکرد کیفی و روش مطالعۀ موردی چندگانه اکتشافی بهره گرفته شد. میدان پژوهش ده شرکت از صنایع رقابتی و خبرگان کلیدی این پژوهش را برخی مدیران و مشاوران شرکت های مورد بررسی و برخی اساتید دانشگاهی که با حوزه منابع انسانی و کارآفرینی سازمانی آشنا باشند تشکیل داده‌اند که درمجموع 26 نفر از این افراد به روش گلوله برفی شناسایی شدند. برای تحلیل داده‌های جمع‌آوری شده، از روش تحلیل مضمون استفاده گردید.
یافته ها: یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که برنامه‌ریزی و طراحی مشاغل بر مبنای کار تیمی، رویکرد دوسوتوانی و روحیۀ کارآفرینانه بر مبنای آزادی عمل بیشتر و ساختار کمتر می تواند در جهت تحقق هدف پژوهش موثر باشد.
نتیجه‌گیری: بهره‌گیری از ابزارهای نوین همچون هوش مصنوعی در شناسایی و غربال رزومه‌ها، طراحی انیمیشن و فیلم تبلیغاتی با گیمیفیکیشن مرتبط با هر شغل برای آگهی استخدامی در شبکه‌های مجازی، توجه بر شایستگی‌های کارآفرینانه در غربال رزومه‌ها و مصاحبه‌ها، جذب کارآفرینان شکست خورده و بهره‌مندی از نیروهای اشتراکی نوآور می‌تواند در بروز رفتارهای کارآفرینانۀ سازمانی موثر باشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Identifying the Organizational Mechanisms of Recruiting and Staffing, Encouraging Corporate Entrepreneurial Behavior (selected industries(

نویسندگان [English]

  • mojtaba nahid 1
  • kamal Sakhdari 2
  • ali davari 3
1 Department of Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Management and Accounting, University of Ghazvin, Ghazvin, Iran.
2 Department of Corporate Entrepreneurship, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 New Business Department, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: In today's era, when environmental changes are one of the most important challenges facing organizations, the proper use of talents and people in new thought processes is a role in creating organizational entrepreneurship. Therefore, the impact on human capital through the strategic actions of human resource management can be attributed to entrepreneurial behavior among individuals in the direction of general organizations from the growth of profitability, innovation, etc. The aim of the current research is to identify human resource management mechanisms in the employment and recruitment sector that encourage entrepreneurial behavior.
Method: To achieve the goal of the research, qualitative approach and case study method were used. The key experts of this research were some managers and consultants of the investigated companies and some university professors who are familiar with the field of human resources and organizational entrepreneurship, and a total of 26 of these people were identified by the snowball method. Thematic analysis method was used to analyze the collected data.
Findings: The findings of the research showed that the planning and design of jobs based on team work, an Ambivalence approach and an entrepreneurial spirit based on more freedom of action and less structure can be effective in achieving the goal of the research.
Conclusion: using new tools such as artificial intelligence in identifying and screening resumes, designing animations and advertising movies with gamification related to each job for advertising in social networks, paying attention to entrepreneurial skills in screening resumes and interviews, attracting entrepreneurs who failed can be effective in the emergence of organizational entrepreneurial behaviors.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Corporate entrepreneurship
  • human resource management
  • recruiting
  • employment
  • entrepreneurial behavior

مراجع

Antoncic, B. (2007). Intrapreneurship: a comparative structural equation modeling study. Industrial management & Data systems. 107(3), 309-325. DOI:10.1108/02635570710734244.
Abdullah, N, H., Wahab, E., & Shamsuddin, A. (2010). Human Resource Practice as Predictors of Innovative among johar SMEs. International conference on science and social research, 5-7. DOI:10.1109/CSSR.2010.5773910.
Albrecht, S. L., Bakker, A. B., Gruman, J. A., Macey, W. H., & Saks, A. M. (2015). Employee engagement, human resource management practices and competitive advantage: An integrated approach. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 2(1), 7-35.  DOI: 10.1108/JOEPP-08-2014-0042.
Appelbaum, S. H., Nadeau, D., & Cyr, M. (2008). Performance evaluation in a matrix organization: a case study (Part Two). Industrial and commercial training. 40(5), 236-241. DOI:10.1108/00197850810886469.
Bhal, K. T., & Singh, S. P. (Eds.). (2016). Managing Flexibility: People, Process, Technology and Business. New Delhi: Springer India. DOI:10.1007/978-81-322-2380-1.
Brewster, C., Gooderham, P. N., & Mayrhofer, W. (2016). Human resource management: the promise, the performance, the consequences. Journal of Organizational Effectiveness: People and Performance, 3(2), 181-190. DOI:10.1108/JOEPP-03-2016-0024.
Bratnicki, M. (2005). Organizational entrepreneurship: Theoretical background, some empirical tests, and directions for future research. Human Factors and Ergonomics in Manufacturing & Service Industries, 15(1), 15-33. DOI:10.1002/hfm.20016.
Brand, M. J., & Bax, E. H. (2002). Strategic HRM for SMEs: Implications for firms and policy. . Journal of Education+ Training. 44(8/9), 451-463.  DOI:10.1108/0040091020449295.
Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3 (2). pp. 77-101. DOI:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa.
Boudlaie, H. Kenarroodi, M. (2020). A Qualitative Study of Gamification Based Recruitment Process in Start-Ups, Management Studies in Development and Evolution,  (96), 121-148. (In Persian). DOI:10.22054/jmsd.2020.47159.3434.
Cao, Q., Gedajlovic, E., & Zhang, H. (2009). Unpacking organizational ambidexterity: Dimensions, contingencies, and synergistic effects. Organization Science, 20(4), 781-796. DOI:10.1287/orsc.1090.0426.
Chang, S., Gong, Y., & Shum, C. (2011). Promoting innovation in hospitality companies through human resource management practices. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 30(4), 812-818. DOI:10.1016/j.ijhm.2011.01.001
Castrogiovanni, G. J., Urbano, D., & Loras, J. (2011). Linking corporate entrepreneurship and human resource management in SMEs. International Journal of Manpower, 32(1), 34-47. DOI:10.1108/01437721111121215.
Dabić, M., Ortiz-De-Urbina-Criado, M., & Romero-Martínez, A. M. (2011). Human resource management in entrepreneurial firms: a literature review. International Journal of Manpower, 32(1), 14-33. DOI:10.1108/01437721111121206.
Edralin, D. M. (2010). Human resource management practices: Drivers for stimulating corporate entrepreneurship in large companies in the Philippines. Journal of DLSU Business & Economics Review, 19(2), 25-41. DOI:10.3860/ber.v19i2.1471.
Gartner, W. (1988), Who is an entrepreneur? is the wrong question, American Journal of Small Business, 12(4), 11-32. DOI:10.1177/104225878801200401.
Hayton, J. C. (2005a). Competing in the new economy: the effect of intellectual capital on corporate entrepreneurship in high‐technology new ventures. R&D Management, 35(2), 137-155. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9310.2005.00379.x.
Herger, M. (2011). Gamification in human resources. Engaging people by letting them having fun, Enterprise Gamification. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
Hersey, Paul., Blanchard, Kenneth., & Dewey, Johnson. (1996). Management of Organizational Behavior, New Jersey: Prentice- Hall.
Kianto, A., Sáenz, J., & Aramburu, N. (2017). Knowledge-based human resource management practices, intellectual capital and innovation. Journal of Business Research, (81), 11-20. DOI:10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.07.018.
Kim, K. C., ElTarabishy, A., & Bae, Z. T. (2018). Humane entrepreneurship: How focusing on people can drive a new era of wealth and quality job creation in a sustainable world. Journal of Small Business Management, (56), 10-29. DOI:10.1111/jsbm.12431.
Kim, K. C., Hornsby, J. S., Enriquez, J. L., Bae, Z. T., & El Tarabishy, A. (2021). Humane entrepreneurial framework: a model for effective corporate entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 59(3), 397-416. DOI:10.1080/00472778.2021.1896723.
Kotey, B., & Folker, C. (2007). Employee training in SMEs: Effect of size and firm type—Family and nonfamily. Journal of small business management, 45(2), 214-238. DOI:10.1111/j.1540-627X.2007.00210.x.
Hornsby, J. S., & Kuratko, D. F. (2003). Human resource management in US small businesses: A replication and extension. Journal of developmental entrepreneurship, 8(1), 73-92. www.jstor.org/stable/27768021.
Hossin Poor, D., & Abdollahi, M. (2015). The Effect of Human Capital on Entrepreneurial Behavior of the Knowledge- Based Companies. Journal of Management Studies in Development and Evolution, (78), 109-126. (In Persian). DOI:20.1001.1.22518037.1394.24.78.6.8
Kühn, C., Eymann, T., Urbach, N., & Schweizer, A. (2016). From professionals to entrepreneurs: Human Resources practices as an enabler for fostering corporate entrepreneurship in professional service firms. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 30(2), 125-154. DOI:10.1177/2397002216632134.
Litz, R. A., & Stewart, A. C. (2000). Research note: trade name franchise membership as a human resource management strategy: does buying group training deliver ‘true value’for small retailers?, Journal of Entrepreneurship theory and practice, 25(1), 125-135. DOI:10.1177/104225870002500110.
Lisboa, A., Skarmeas, D., & Lages, C. (2013). Export market exploitation and exploration and performance: Linear, moderated, complementary and non-linear effects. Journal of International Marketing Review. 30(3), 211-230. DOI:10.1108/02651331311321972.
Messersmith, J. G., & Wales, W. J. (2011). Entrepreneurial orientation and performance in young firms: The role of human resource management. International small business journal, 31(2), 115-136. DOI:10.1177/0266242611416141.
Montoro‐Sánchez, Á., & Soriano, D. R. (2011). Human resource management and corporate entrepreneurship. International Journal of Manpower. (32), 6-13. DOI:10.1108/01437721111121198.
Morris, M. H., Kuratko, D. F., & Covin, J. G. (2010). Corporate entrepreneurship & innovation. South western, Cengage Learning.
Moustaghfir, K., El Fatihi, S., & Benouarrek, M. (2019). Human resource management practices, entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: What is the link?, Journal of Measuring Business Excellence; 24(2): 267-283. DOI:10.1108/MBE-12-2019-0119.
Mianji, F., & Hosseini, S. A. N. (2019). Effective Factors of Human Resource Management Strategy in Corporate Entrepreneurship in the Private and Public Universities’ Performance. A Review Paper.
Prayogo, L., Pranoto, B., & Purba, H. (2017). Employee satisfaction analysis with human resource index. Journal of Management Science Letters, 7(5), 233-240. DOI:10.5267/j.msl.2017.2.003.
Polit, D.F., & Beck, C.T. (2004), Nursing Research: Principles and Methods. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Pournasr Khakbaz, P., Mohammad kazemi, R., & Zarei Korkabad, B. (2011). Identifying Effective Organizational Factors on Corporate Entrepreneurship in Tehran Municipalitys Department of Urban Services., Information Management and Business Review, 3(6), 328-335.
Rauch, A., & Hatak, I. (2016). A meta-analysis of different HR-enhancing practices and performance of small and medium sized firms. Journal of business venturing, 31(5), 485-504. DOI:10.1016/j.jbusvent.2016.05.005.
Rodwell, J. J., & Teo, S. T. (2008). The influence of strategic HRM and sector on perceived performance in health services organizations. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 19(10), 1825-1841. DOI:10.1080/09585190802323934.
Sakhdari, K. (2016). Corporate entrepreneurship: A review and future research agenda. Journal of Technology innovation management review, 6(8). 5-18. DOI:10.22215/timreview/1007.
Salamzadeh, A., Tajpour, M., & Hosseini, E. (2019). Corporate entrepreneurship in University of Tehran: does human resources management matter?, International Journal of Knowledge-Based Development, 10(3), 276-292. DOI:10.1504/IJKBD.2019.103218.
Shujahat, M., Sousa, M. J., Hussain, S., Nawaz, F., Wang, M., & Umer, M. (2019). Translating the impact of knowledge management processes into knowledge-based innovation: The neglected and mediating role of knowledge-worker productivity. Journal of Business Research, (94), 442-450. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.11.001.
Skarmeas, D., Lisboa, A., & Saridakis, C. (2016). Export Performance as a Function of Market Learning Capabilities and Intrapreneurship:SEM and FsQCA Finding, Journal of Business Research, 69(11), 5342-5347.  DOI:10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.04.135.
Stone, D. L., & Lukaszewski, K. M. (2009). An expanded model of the factors affecting the acceptance and effectiveness of electronic human resource management systems. Journal of Human Resource Management Review, 19(2), 134-143. DOI:10.1016/j.hrmr.2008.11.003.
Stadler, C., Rajwani, T., & Karaba, F. (2014). Solutions to the exploration/exploitation dilemma: Networks as a new level of analysis. International Journal of Management Reviews, 16(2), 172-193. DOI:10.1111/ijmr.12015.
Stommel, M., & Wills, C. (2004). Clinical research: Concepts and principles for advanced practice nurses. Philadelphia, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
Stone, D. L., & Dulebohn, J. H. (2013). Emerging issues in theory and research on electronic human resource management (eHRM). Journal of Human Resource Management Review, 23(1), 1-5. DOI:10.1016/j.hrmr.2012.06.001.
Tang, G., Wei, L. Q., Snape, E., & Ng, Y. C. (2015). How effective human resource management promotes corporate entrepreneurship: Evidence from China. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(12), 1586-1601. DOI:10.1080/09585192.2014.953973.
Thornberry, N. (2006). Lead like an entrepreneur. New York, McGraw Hill Professional.
Walker, j., Guidelines, JI., & Wheeler, S. (2005). Ethical Review of Qualitative Research, Research Ethics,1(3):90-96. DOI:10.1177/174701610500100304
Webb, J. W., Ketchen Jr, D. J., & Ireland, R. D. (2010). Strategic entrepreneurship within family-controlled firms: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of family business strategy, 1(2), 67-77. DOI:10.1016/j.jfbs.2010.04.002.
Zahra, S. A. (1993). Environment, corporate entrepreneurship, and financial performance: A taxonomic approach. Journal of business venturing, 8(4), 319-340.  DOI:10.1016/0883-9026(93)90003-N.
 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار