طراحی الگوی مهارت اشتغال پذیری واحدهای فناور و دانش بنیان

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده حسابداری و مدیریت دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

2 گروه مدیریت دولتی و گردشگری، دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران.

چکیده

هدف: در شرایط کنونی، بیکاری در استان اردبیل به یکی از مهم‌ترین چالش‌های فراروی استان مبدل گردیده و راهبردهایی همچون مهارت اشتغال‌پذیری که باعث کاهش میزان بیکاری در این استان اردبیل می‌شود،  مورد توجه پژوهشگران و سیاستمداران قرار گرفته است. از این رو پژوهش حاضر با هدف طراحی الگوی مهارت‌ اشتغال‌پذیری واحدهای فناور و دانش‌بنیان بر اساس رویکرد استراوس وکوبین (1989) انجام شد.
روش: پژوهش حاضر رویکردی کیفی دارد و از (نظریه داده بنیاد) استفاده می‌کند. جامعه آماری پژوهش، شامل اعضای هیات علمی، خبرگان و کارآفرینان در سال 1401 بودند که داده‌ها با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند و انجام مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته بدست آمد. به‌منظور تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها نیز از کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: نتایج حاصل از تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد؛ الگوی پارادایمی مهارت اشتغال‌پذیری از شرایط علی (کلان و خرد)، عوامل زمینه‌ای (آموزشی، زیرساختی و حمایتی)، مقوله محوری (مهارت نرم و سخت)، متغیرهای مداخله‌گر (فردی، تجربیات و توسعه‌ای)، راهبرد (کاهش بوروکراسی، بینش استراتژیک، بازبینی در محتوای آموزشی و ...) و پیامد (افزایش اشتغال و تنوع شغلی، تخصص‌گرایی، ایجاد فرصت برابر، تناسب بین بازار کار و مهارت‌ها) تشکیل یافته است.
نتیجه‌گیری: معرفی الگوی مهارت اشتغال‌پذیری ضمن افزایش قابلیت اشتغال جوانان، می‌تواند توسط سیاست گذارن و فعالان شرکت‌های فناور و دانش‌بنیان مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Conceptual Model of Employability Skill for Technology and Knowledge-Based Enterprise

نویسندگان [English]

  • zahra pooramini 1
  • habib ebrahimpour 2
1 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Accounting and Management, University of Allame Tabatabaee, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Administration and Tourism, Faculty of Social Science, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Objective: In today's competitive and contemporary world, unemployment has become a worrying issue and has had a profound impact on all aspects of an economy, culture, and society. In this regard, concern about employment is increasing day by day, and the trends of globalization, technological advances, and population growth have had a profound impact on the labor market. The Province of Ardabil, despite its abundant resources, is no exception to this, and is facing many problems in the field of economy and employment. Unemployment in the Province of Ardabil has become one of the most important challenges facing this region, and strategies such as employability skills that reduce unemployment in this province have been the focus of researchers and policy makers. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of designing a model of employability skills for technology and knowledge-based units based on the Strauss and Corbin approach (1989).
Method: The present study has a qualitative approach and uses the grounded theory. The statistical population of the study was the technology and knowledge-based units of Ardabil Province, from which 20 faculty members, entrepreneurs, and experts were selected using purposive sampling and semi-structured interviews. The interviews were conducted until theoretical saturation (15 interviews). The time-frame of this study was also between 2022 and 2023, and open, axial, and selective coding’s were used to analyze the data.
Findings: The data collected through interviews and the grounded theory were analyzed. The results of this study indicate the presentation of a model of employability skills for technology and knowledge-based units in Ardabil Province, which ultimately led to the identification of 6 key concepts in the form of 34 subcategories and 19 categories and 6 main categories of strategic factors, causal conditions (macro and micro), contextual factors (educational, infrastructural and supportive), core category (soft and hard skills), intervening variables (individual, experiential and developmental), strategy (reducing bureaucracy, strategic insight, reviewing educational content, etc.) and outcome (increased employment and job diversity, specialization, equal opportunity creation, matching between labor market and skills).




Conclusion: Introducing the employability skills model can be used by policymakers and stakeholders in technology and knowledge-based companies in addition to increasing the employability of young people. Therefore, attention to employability and acquiring skills in this field is one of the important issues that should be made a priority for the organizations concerned. In general, it can be said that the introduced model explains mechanisms that led to individual growth and prosperity, specialization in occupations, improvement in employability skills, increased employment of young people, creating equal opportunities for employment, increasing interest in business and entrepreneurship, matching between market needs and skills and increased job diversity in the target community and similar companies.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Employability
  • labor market skills
  • Technological and Knowledge-based units of Ardabil province

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