پیچیدگی اقتصادی و کارآفرینی: شواهدی از کشورهای منطقه MENA

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی - کمی

نویسندگان

گروه علوم اقتصادی واداری، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه گنبدکاووس، گنبدکاووس، ایران

چکیده

هدف: پیچیدگی اقتصادی به تنوع و پیچیدگی قابلیت های تولیدی و صادرات یک کشور اشاره دارد. پیچیدگی اقتصادی بالاتر می‌تواند یک محیط مساعد برای کارآفرینی ایجاد کند. در پژوهش حاضر، تأثیر پیچیدگی اقتصادی بر کارآفرینی مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است.

روش تحقیق: روش پژوهش برحسب هدف، کاربردی و برحسب گردآوری اطلاعات، توصیفی-همبستگی است. پژوهش حاضر با رویکرد اقتصادسنجی گشتاورهای تعمیم‌یافته سیستمی (GMM-SYS) انجام شد. نمونه آماری شامل داده‌های 12 کشور منتخب منطقه خاورمیانه و شمال آفریقا (MENA) برای دوره بین 2020-2010 بوده است است.

یافته ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد که تاثیر پیچیدگی اقتصادی بر فعالیت های کارآفرینی در منطقه MENA، مثبت و معنادار است. همچنین، تأثیر سودمند کارآفرینی در منطقه MENA از طریق سطح بالاتر سرمایه انسانی و کیفیت حکمرانی تقویت می‌شود، اما توسط مقادیر بالاتر رانت منابع طبیعی کاهش می‌یابد.

نتیجه‌گیری: بطور کلی نتایج تایید می‌کند که سطح پیچیدگی اقتصادی بر فعالیت‌های کارآفرینی کشورهای منطقه MENA تأثیر می گذارد. در عین حال، رابطه خاص بین پیچیدگی اقتصادی و کارآفرینی بسته به عوامل مختلفی مانند کیفیت نهادی، سرمایه انسانی و وجود منابع طبیعی می‌تواند متفاوت باشد. از این رو، تأثیر پیچیدگی اقتصادی بر کارآفرینی بسته به این عوامل زمینه‌ای می تواند متفاوت باشد، و درک این اثرات متقابل می‌تواند بینش های ارزشمندی را برای سیاست گذاران و محققان ارائه دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic complexity and entrepreneurship: Evidence from countries in the Middle East and North Africa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Ghlichli
  • Mohsen Mohammadi Khyareh
  • masoud kheirandish
Department of Compulsory Economic Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Gonbadkavos University, Gonbadkavos, Iran
چکیده [English]

Aim: This study aims to examine the impact of economic complexity on entrepreneurship in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. Economic complexity refers to the diversity and complexity of a country's production and export capabilities. The objective is to determine whether higher economic complexity creates a favorable environment for entrepreneurship.

Method: The study employs an applied research method with a descriptive-correlational approach to gather information. The econometric approach used is the generalized systemic moments (GMM-SYS) method. The statistical sample consists of data from 12 selected countries in the MENA region, covering the period between 2010 and 2020.

Results: The research findings reveal several key insights. Firstly, there is a positive and significant impact of economic complexity on entrepreneurial activities in the MENA region. This suggests that higher economic complexity promotes and encourages entrepreneurship. Secondly, the analysis indicates that the positive effect of entrepreneurship is strengthened by higher levels of human capital and governance quality. Conversely, higher natural resource rents have a dampening effect on entrepreneurship. Thirdly, the results demonstrate that the relationship between economic complexity and entrepreneurship is influenced by factors such as natural resource rent, institutional quality, and human capital accumulation.

Conclusion: In conclusion, the findings affirm that economic complexity significantly influences the entrepreneurial activities in the MENA countries. Policymakers can anticipate stimulating the entrepreneurship of MENA economies by implementing appropriate policies aimed at enhancing technical capabilities for producing complex products and expediting development. However, it is important to note that the specific relationship between economic complexity and entrepreneurship can vary based on contextual factors such as institutional quality, human capital, and the presence of natural resources. Thus, understanding these interactions and contextual factors is crucial for policymakers and researchers seeking to comprehend the effect of economic complexity on entrepreneurship in the MENA region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • economic complexity
  • TEA entrepreneurship
  • quality of governance
  • MENA

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