مدل سنجش نوآوری اجتماعی در ایران

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

2 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی دانشگاه تهران ،تهران ،ایران/ استاد مدعو دانشگاه یورک کانادا

3 گروه مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف: در سال‌های اخیر، نوآوری اجتماعی یکی از جذاب‌ترین موضوعات در ادبیات مدیریت بوده است. نیاز به نوآوری‌هایی که هدف آن‌ها حل مسائل اجتماعی بغرنج در شرایط بحران مالی جهانی و شیوع کرونا بیش از پیش دیده می‌شود، این مهم راهبردهای مرتبط با نوآوری را تغییر داده است. لذا، در تحقیق فعلی، ما قصد داریم یک مدل برای اندازه‌گیری نوآوری اجتماعی با توجه به ویژگی‌ها و عوامل مؤثر آن در ایران ارائه دهیم..
روش: ابتدا به صورت جامع ادبیات تحقیق مورد بررسی قرار گرفت تا حساسیت نظری مورد نیاز برای اجرای مراحل نظریه برپایه را بدست آوریم. سپس، نمونه‌گیری هدفمند از خبرگان برجسته در حوزه نوآوری اجتماعی انجام شد و مصاحبه‌های نیمه ساختار یافته با ایشان صورت گرفت و نظرات ایشان در رابطه با موضوع تحقیق روشن شد. مصاحبه‌ها ثبت شده و در نرم‌افزار MAXQDA2022 بارگذاری شدند. پس از جمع‌آوری داده‌ها، نسخه اشتراوس و کوربین نظریه برپایه برای ارائه مدل اندازه‌گیری نوآوری اجتماعی در ایران استفاده شد. در مرحله کدگذاری، از کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی استفاده شد و کدها به زیرمقوله‌ها و مقوله‌ها مشخص شدند.
یافته‌ها: یافته‌های مصاحبه‌های عمیق و نیمه ساختار یافته با ۱۴ کارشناس منجر به ایجاد مدلی با ۲۲ زیرمقوله و 6 مقوله اصلی شد . در مراحل مختلف فرایند ارزیابی تأثیر، آنچه در گفته‌های خبرگان بیشتر تکرار و تاکید شده بود، نیاز به هم‌آفرینی در فرآیند اندازه‌گیری اثر نوآوری اجتماعی با تمام ذینفعان، به ویژه جامعه بود. همچنین لزوم ایجاد معیارها و روش‌های قوی ارزیابی تأثیر مورد تاکید قرار گرفت. این دو پدیده "دسته مرکزی" تحقیق فعلی هستند. علاوه بر این،  کدهای مرحله کدگذاری باز، در زیرمقوله‌های شرایط علی، محیط، شرایط مداخله‌گر، راهبردها و پیامدها طبقه‌بندی شدند
نتیجه: عوامل مختلفی که در شکل‌گیری هم‌آفرینی و تکامل فرایند اندازه‌گیری اثر نوآوری‌اجتماعی اثر دارند معرفی شده و در پایان تأکید شده است که اندازه‌گیری نوآوری‌اجتماعی را باید با تمرکز بر تاثیر واقعی و کامل هدایت شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

A Model for social innovation evaluation in Iran

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Mostashar Nezami 1
  • Mohsen Nazari 2
  • Manouchehr Ansari, 3
1 Department of management, University of Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Visiting Professor , York University ،Toronto ,Canada
3 Department of Business Management, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Objective: In recent years, social innovation has been one of the most appealing subjects in management Literature. Social innovation has begun to pick up steam. The need for innovations aiming to solve wicked social problems under financial hardships and pandemics has modulated the shape of innovation initiatives. The call for a sustained impact with enduring effects on society has prompted international organizations and several scholars to conduct research and explore best practices in the impact assessment of social innovation. Hence, in the current research, we aim to provide a model for measuring social innovation regarding its characteristics and affecting factors in Iran.
Method: We thoroughly reviewed the literature to decipher the impact evaluation of social innovation and acquire the theoretical sensitivity for the grounded theory. Next, purposive sampling was applied to represent preeminent academics and professionals in social innovation. Subsequently, semi-structured interviews were carried out with the participants, casting light on their insights and comprehension of the phenomena. All interviews were documented and uploaded to the MAXQDA2022 software. After data collection, Strauss’s and Corbin’s versions of the grounded theory was employed to provide the model for measuring social innovation in Iran. In the coding step, we utilized open, axial, and selective coding, respectively, to classify codes into sub-categories and categories, all of which resulted in the impact evaluation of the social innovation theoretical concept.
Results: Findings of the in-depth and semi-structured interviews with 14 experts yielded a model with 22 factors. In different steps of the impact evaluation process, the recurring theme of the interviews was a sense among interviewees requiring the co-creation with all beneficiaries, in particular, the society where the social innovation is implemented. Also, it is imperative to acquire robust impact evaluation metrics and methods for the interviewees' arguments. These two phenomena are the “core category” of the current research. Moreover, categories of the open coding phase were classified as the axial coding phase under the causal conditions, context, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences.
Conclusion: Various factors affecting co-creation formation and the evolution of the measurement process of social innovation effectiveness have been represented. It was emphasized that the measurement of social innovation impact should be performed based on the real impact. Different parts of the model and the impact measurement in different social innovation stages (Figures 1 and 2) suggest that before commencing the work, a specific definition for social innovation and its activities should be determined. Also, it should be checked whether the activity has an opinion on the social innovation definition or not. As aforementioned, in the evaluation process, independent evaluators are of paramount importance to evaluate the work.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • social innovation
  • impact evaluation
  • social impact measurements
  • grounded theory

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