Identifying entrepreneurial competencies focusing on entrepreneurs with physical and mobility disabilities

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assistant professor- Faculty of Entrepreneurship-University of Tehran

2 . MA Student - Faculty of Entrepreneurship-University of Tehran

3 Associate professor- Faculty of Entrepreneurship-University of Tehran

Abstract

Many people with disabilities choose entrepreneurship to achieve a better balance between work and life. However, people with disabilities face multiple challenges to become an entrepreneur. One of the challenges that have been constantly suggested in the literature is the lack of entrepreneurial comeptencies and proper entreprneuship education and training. Accordingly, the main purpose of this research is to identify the required entrepreneurial competencies for disabled people. To do so, this study used the qualitative method of inquiry and semi-structured interviews with 12 entrepreneurs with physical and mobility disabilities and educational managers in the education and rehabilitation centers for disabled people in Tehran. The sample was selected purposively. This study revealed 38 components of entrepreneurial competencies of disabled entrepreneurs and classified them into 8 categories. These competencies include entreprneurial opportunity competencies as well as communicational, conceptual, organizational, strategic, personal, manament and business commitment competencies. We contributed personal competencies and business management competencies to the research framework. The results of this study enhance the knowledge and insights on disabled people entrepreneurship. Furthermore, the findings assist policy makers and educators in providing a more supportive and encouraging environment for diabled entreprneurship development.
 

Keywords

References

 
اسعدی، ن.(1391). "ضرورت آموزش کارآفرینی". هفته‌نامۀ خبری-تحلیلی برنامه، سال دهم، شمارۀ 449.
رهبر، ف.، ممیز، آ. و محمدی، ش.(1392). "شناسایی عوامل مؤثر فعالیت شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط مبتنی بر فناوری در حوزۀ خدمات معلولین (مطالعۀ موردی: مدیریت شهری)". مجلۀ توسعۀ اجتماعی ایران، سال پنجم، شمارۀ چهارم.
شفیع‌آبادی، ع.(1382). "توانبخشی شغلی و حرفه‌ای معلولین". اصفهان: انتشارات جنگل.
علاءفر، ص.(1376). "خوداشتغالی معلولین". اولین کنگرۀ سراسری توانبخشی حرفه‌ای معلولین ایران، تهران، معاونت توانبخشی سازمان بهزیستی کشور.
کریمی درمنی، ح.(1382). "توانبخشی گروه‌های خاص با تأکید بر خدمات مددکاری اجتماعی". چاپ اول، تهران، نشر گستره.
مرادی، ا.، امیری، ش.، ملک‌پور، م.، مولوی، ح.، نوری، ا. (1388). "اثربخشی آموزش گروهی خودکارآمدی بر کیفیت زندگی و رفتار کارآفرینانة زنان دچار ناتوانی جسمی-حرکتی". مطالعات اجتماعی-روان‌شناختی زنان، سال 7، شمارۀ 3: 98-71.
نوری، ا.(1374). "جنبه‌های روانشناختی ناتوانی جسمی: اشتغال به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین عامل". جامعه‌شناسی کاربردی، شمارۀ 7: 85-106.
Ashurst, C., Cragg P., & Herring, P. (2011). “The role of IT competences in gaining value from e-business: An SME case study”. International Small Business Journal, 30(6): 640–658.
Baron, R. A., & Ensley, M. D. (2006). “Opportunity recognition as the detection of meaningful patterns: Evidence from comparisons of novice and experienced entrepreneurs”. Management Science, 52(9): 1331–1344.
Baum, J. R., Locke, E. A., & Smith, K. G. (2001). “A multidimensional model of venture growth”. Academy of Management Journal, 44(2): 292–302.
Boylan, A., & Burchardt, T. (2003). “Barriers to Self-Employment for Disabled People”. Small Business Service: London.
Bird, B. (1995), “Toward a theory of entrepreneurial competency”, in Katz, J. and Brockhaus, R. (Eds), Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, Vol. 2, JAI Press,Greenwich, CT, pp. 51-72.
Burchardt, T. (2002). “Enduring economic exclusion: Disabled people, income and work”. York: York Publishing Services.
Chandler, G. N., & Hanks, S. H. (1994). “Market attractiveness, resource-based capabilities, venture strategies, and venture performance”. Journal of business venturing, 9(4): 331-349.
Chandler, G. N., & Jansen, E. (1992). “The founder’s self-assessed competence and venture performance”. Journal of Business Venturing, 7(3): 223-236
Colombo, M. G., & Grilli, L. (2005). “Founders’ human capital and the growth of new technology-based firms: A competence-based view”. Research policy, 34(6): 795-816.
Cooney, T. M. (2008). “Entrepreneurs with disabilities: Profile of a forgotten minority”. Irish Business Journal, 4(1): 119-129.
DeTienne, D. R., & Chandler, G. N. (2004). “Opportunity identification and its role in the entrepreneurial classroom: A pedagogical approach and empirical test”. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 3(3): 242–257.
Dubois, D. D., Rothwell, W. J., Stern, D. J., & Kemp, L. K. (2004). “Competency-based human resource management”. 1st ed. Davies-Black Publishing: Palo Alto, CA.
Doyle, A. (2002). “A realistic perspective of risk in self-employ employment for people with disabilities”. Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation, 17: 115–24.
Earley, P. C. (1994). “Explorations of the individual and the cognitive self: An assessment of self-efficacy and training across cultures”. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(1): 89–117.
Holub. T. (2001). “Entrepreneurship among people with disabilities”. www.celcee.edu/publications/digest/Dig01-05.html
Izquierdo, E., Deschoolmeester, D., & Salazar, D. (2005). “The importance of competencies for entrepreneurship: A view from entrepreneurs and scholars perspective”. Available at: http://www.espae.espol.edu.ec/images/documentos/publicaciones/documentos_trabajo/entrepreneurship/Importance.pdf.
Johnson, D., Craig, J. B. L., & Hildebrand, R. (2006). “Entrepreneurship education: towards a discipline-based framework”. Journal of Management Development, 25(1): 40-54.
Jones, M. K. (2005). “Disability and the labour market: a review of the empirical evidence”. WELMERC Discussion paper, Deptt. Of Economics, Univ of Wales Swansee.
Hwang, S. K., & Roulstone, A. (2015). “Enterprising? Disabled? The status and potential for disabled people’s microenterprise in South Korea”. Disability & Society, 30(1): 114-129
Kessler, R. (2006). “Competency-based interviews”. Career Press Inc.
Kochadai, M. (2012). “Entrepreneurial Competency: a study with reference to socially and economically backward communities in Chennai City”. Avaibale at: http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/jspui/handle/ 10603/5303.
Lans, T., Verstegen, J., & Mulder, M. (2011). “Analysing, pursuing and networking: Towards a validated three-factor framework for entrepreneurial competence from a small firm perspective”. International Small Business Journal, 29(6): 695–713.
Lans, T., Biemans, H., Mulder, M., & Verstegen, J. (2010). “Self‐awareness of mastery and improvability of entrepreneurial competence in small businesses in the agrifood sector”. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 21(2): 147-168.
Lerner, M., & Almor, T. (2002). “Relationships among strategic capabilities and the performance of women-owned small ventures”. Journal of Small Business Management, 40(2): 109-125.
Li, X. (2009). “Entrepreneurial Competencies as an entrepreneurial distinctive: An examination of the competency approach in defining entrepreneurs”. Dissertations and Theses Collection (Open Access). Available at: http://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/etd_coll/14.
McClelland, D. (1987). “Characteristics of Successful Entrepreneurs”. Journal of Creative Behaviour, 21(1): 18-21.
McClelland. D. (1973). “Testing for competence rather than intelligence”. American Psychologist, 28, 1-14.
Man, T. W. Y., Lau, T., & Chan, K. F. (2002). “The competitiveness of small and medium enterprises: A conceptualization with focus on entrepreneurial competencies”. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2): 123-142.
Martins, S. (2004). “Barriers to entrepreneurship and business creation. European Comission”. European Social Fund, 1-49.
Mitchell, R. K., Smith B., Seawright, K. W., & Morse, E. A. (2000). “Cross-cultural cognitions and the venture creation decision”. Academy of Management Journal, 43(5): 974–993.
Nuthall, G. (2005). “The cultural myths and realities of classroom teaching and learning: A personal journey”. The Teachers College Record, 107(5): 895-934.
Okumura, T., Ikeda, A., & Muraki, K. (1997). “Selective dissemination of information based on a multipleontology”. In Proceedings of IJCAI'97 Ontology Workshop, August, pages 138-145.
Pagán, R. (2009). “Self‐employment among people with disabilities: evidence for Europe”. Disability & Society, 24(2): 217-229.
Powers, T. (2008). “The skills and productivity of persons with disabilities”. International Labour Office, Skills and Employability Department”. - Geneva: ILO, No. 3, 1-43.
Roni, N. (2009). “Disabled Entrepreneurship: A viable route of opportunity for the disabled?,” MMUBS Doctoral Symposium. Available at:
http://www.ribm.mmu.ac.uk/symposium2009/Papers%2009/Roni,%20Naheed.pdf
Sanchez, R. & Heene, A. (Eds.). (2010). “Research in Competence-Based Management”. Advances in Applied Business Strategy, Vol. 6, Stamford, Connecticut: JAI Press Inc.
Sethi J., & Saxena, A. (2008). “Entrepreneurial Competencies, Motivation, Performance and Rewards”. Aviable at: http://www.oneplanetventures.org/yproject/downloads/resources/Entrepreneurial_Competencies.pdf.
Thompson, J. E., Stuart, R., & Lindsay, P. R. (1997). “The competence of top team members: A framework for successful performance”. Team performance management, 3(2): 57-75.
 
 
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Volume 8, Issue 3 - Serial Number 29
October 2015
Pages 473-492

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics