Identifying and ranking strategies to improve the access of Small and medium-sized enterprises to banking services in Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Technology Management, Faculty of Management College of Alborz, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

2 Management faculty, Imam Sadiq University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Industrial Management, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Management, Imam Sadegh (AS) University, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

The development of small and medium-sized businesses is an important factor in the economic development of countries, and all economists agree on the importance of this issue in the prosperity of production and economic growth. However, despite the great importance of these businesses in the economy, their lack of proper access to financial resources is recognized as one of the most important obstacles to the growth of this type of business. There are different ways to finance small and medium-sized businesses, but due to the bank-based structure of the Iranian economy and the lack of development of alternative financial instruments, banks still play a pivotal role in financing these businesses. The main issue of this research is to provide solutions to facilitate the access of small and medium businesses to Iranian banking services and then prioritize these strategies. The present study is descriptive-survey based on the applied purpose and based on the data collection method. In the present study, while examining global experiences and scientific resources related to the subject and also using the opinion of banking and entrepreneurship experts, 38 strategies to improve the access of small and medium businesses to banking services were identified and analyzed by content analysis method, then by TOPSIS method Were prioritized.

Keywords

Main Subjects


اتاق بازرگانی، صنایع، معادن و کشاورزی تهران (1395). "گزارش تأمین مالی بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط".
آذر، عادل و رجب زاده، علی (1387). تصمیم­گیری کاربردی با رویکرد MADM. چاپ سوم، تهران: انتشارات نگاه دانش.
احمدخانی، احمد؛ قادرمطلبی، محمد (1392). "بررسی نقش نظام بانکی در توسعه کسب­وکار شرکت­های کوچک و متوسط در استان زنجان". مقاله ارائه شده در نخستین کنفرانس ملی توسعه مدیریت پولی و بانکی در تهران.  قابل دسترسی در (https://civilica.com/doc/244721)
استیری، روح الله؛ مشیری، بنیامین (1388). "ابزارهای تأمین مالی بنگاه های دانش بنیان"، مقاله ارائه شده در دومین کنفرانس بین­المللی توسعه نظام تامین مالی در ایران. قابل دسترسی در (https://civilica.com/doc/97652)
بانک مرکزی (1399). "دستورالعمل تأمین مالی بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط".
خواستار، حمزه. (1388). ارائه‌ی روشی برای محاسبه‌ی پایایی مرحله‌ی کدگذاری در مصاحبه‌های پژوهشی. روش شناسی علوم انسانی، 15(58)، 161-174.
ستایش، هدیه ( 1394 ). "الگوی تأمین مالی بنگاه‌های کوچک و متوسط"، مرکـز پژوهش‌های مجلس، شماره ۱۴۳۵. قابل دسترسی در (https://rc.majlis.ir/fa/report/show/934177)
شاه طهماسبی، اسماعیل؛ جوادیان، مجید (1391). "بررسی نقش اعطای تسهیلات به بنگاه های کوچک و متوسط صنعتی در ایجاد اشتغال (مورد مطالعه: کارگاه های صنعتی شهر تهران)"، مجله اقتصاد مالی، 6 (21): 31-56.
طیبی، کمیل (۱۳۸۸). "اعتبارات بانکی و سایر تعیین‌کننده‌های اقتصادی فضای کسب‌وکار در ایران"، فصلنامه پول و اقتصاد، 1 (1): 57-78.
کریمی، آصف؛ بوذرجمهری، شهریار (1392). " تحلیل موانع تامین مالی برای شرکت‌های کوچک و متوسط"، نشریه توسعه کارآفرینی، 6 (1): 144-125.
کیان پور، سعید (1397). "تأثیر تأمین مالی و بانکداری ویژه کسب‌وکارهای کوچک و متوسط بر توسعه اقتصادی". مجله علمی ترویجی توسعه راهبرد. 50:  115-86.
Attride-Stirling, J. (2001). “Thematic networks: an analytic tool for qualitative research”. Qualitative Research, 1(3), 385–405. https://doi.org/10.1177/146879410100100307
Bergquist, C. and Dahg, L. (2008), “The impact of the financial gap on growth and development for SMEs”. A case study of Sweden with the UK as a reference object. Stockholm: Stockholm University.
Braun, V. & Clarke, V. (2006). “Using thematic analysis in psychology”, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77-101.
Comeig, I., Fernández-Blanco, M., & Ramírez, F. (2015). “Information acquisition in SME’s relationship lending and the cost of loans”. Journal of Business Research, 68: 1650–1652.
Chesini, G. (2018). Financial Markets, SME Financing and Emerging Economies. Sharje, UAE: Palgrave Macmillan.
Deakins, D., North, D., Baldock, R, & Whittam, G. (2008). “SMEs Access to Finance: Is There Still a Debt Fiance Gap?”, Institute for Small Business and Entrepreneurship, Ireland.
Green A. (2003). “Credit Guarantee Schemes for Small Enterprises; an Effective Instrument to Promote Private Sector-led Growth”, SMEs Technical Working Paper, 10, Vienna: UNIDO.
Harvey, C. & Graham, J. R., (2010). “The Theory and Practice of Corporate Finance: Evidence from the Field”, Journal of Financial Economics, 60(2), 187-243.
Hassan, I., Jackowicz, K., Kowalewski, O., & Kozlowski, L. (2017). "Do local banking structures matter for SME financing and performance? New evidence from an emerging economy?", Journal of Banking & Finance, 79, 142-158
Hernandez- Canovas, G., & Koeter-Kant, J. (2008). “Debt Maturity and Relationship Lending- an Analysis of European SMEs”, International Small Business Journal, 26(5), 595–617.
IFC (International Finance Corporation) (2012). “The SME Banking Knowledge Guide, IFC Advisory Services, Access to Finance”, Washington, D.C: IFC
IFC (2019). “Banking on SMEs: Trends and Challenges, IFC Advisory Services, Access to Finance”, Washington, D.C.: IFC
Khan, S. (2015). “Impact of Sources of Finance on the Growth of SMEs: Evidence from Pakistan”, Decision, 42(1): 3-10.
Kumari, R. P. S., & Trivedi, P. (2019). “Determinants of SME Credit in Mumbai-Empirical Analysis on Factors”. The Journal of Developing Areas, 53(2), 193-203.
Mazanai, M., & Fatoki, O. (2012). “Acess to Finance in SMEs Sector: A South Africa Perspective”, Asian Journal of Business Management, 4(1), 58-67.
Mckinsey and Company (2019). “Beyond Banking: How Banks Can Use Ecosystems to Win in the SME Market”. Working Paper, Retrived from https://www.mckinsey.com/
Moritz, A., Block, J. H., & Heinz, A. (2016). “Financing Patterns of European SMEs- an Empirical Taxonomy”, Venture Capital, 18(2): 115-148.
Mercieca, S., Schaeck, K., & Wolfe, S. (2009). “Bank Market Structure, Competition, and SME Financing Relationships in European Regions”. Journal of Financial Services Research, 36(2-3), 137.
Nguyen, N. & Luu, N. (2013). “Determinants of Financing Pattern and Access to Formal-Informal Credit: The Case of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Vietnam”, Journal of Management Research, 5(2): 240-258.
Lopes, A. & Costa, C. (2017). “Alternative sources of funding for SMEs in the Portuguese market”, The IEB International Journal of Finance, 15, 138-161.
Haselmann, R., & Wachtel, P. (2010). “Institutions and Bank Behavior: Legal Environment, Legal Perception, and the Composition of Bank Lending”. Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, 42(5), 965-984.
OECD Score Board (2020). “Financing SMEs and Entrepreneurs”.
Ono, A., & Uesugi, I. (2014). “SME Financing in Japan during the Global Financial Crisis: Evience from Firm Surveys”. International Review of Entrepreneurship, 12(4): 191-218.
Rahman, A., Rahman, M. T., & Kljucnikov, A. (2016). “Collateral and SME Financing in Bangladesh: An Analysis across Bank Size and Bank Ownership Types”. Journal of International Studies, 9(2): 112-126.
Rossi, Stefenia (2017). “Access to Bank Credit and SME Financing”, Palgrave Macmillan.
Xiao, L. (2011). “Financing High-Tech SMEs in China: A Three-Stage Model of Business Development”. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 23(3-4): 217-234.