طراحی الگوی توسعه قابلیت های پویا در کسب و کارهای نوپا: مورد مطالعه کسب و کارهای حوزه فناوری اطلاعات

نوع مقاله : مقالات پژوهشی- کیفی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران

3 استادیار دانشکده دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

هدف از این مطالعه فهم توسعه قابلیت‌های پویا در کسب‌وکارهای نوپا است. روش پژوهش برحسب هدف، کاربردی و بر حسب گردآوری داده‌ها، کیفی - مطالعه موردی است. داده‌ها از طریقِ مطالعه منابع مستند و مصاحبه‌های نیمه‌ساختاریافته با ۱۵ شرکت در حوزه فناوری اطلاعات در شهر تهران، از طریق نمونه‌گیری هدفمند جمع‌آوری شد. در مرحلۀ کدگذاری باز، ۲۰۱کد مقدماتی از تحلیل مصاحبه‌ها شناسایی شد که پس از پالایش و ادغامِ کدهای مشابه، ۱۴۴ کد نهایی شدند. در دومین مرحله، کدگذاری محوری با استفاده از سازه‌های مدل کدگذاری محوری حول پدیدة مورد بررسی انجام شد. نتایج، ۴ مقوله اصلی را در توسعه قابلیت‌های پویا در کسب‌وکارهای نوپا شناسایی کرد. این مقولات پیشران‌های توسعه قابلیت‌های پویا می‌باشند، که شامل ویژگی‌های مدیر، ویژگی‌های کسب وکار، گرایشات استراتژیک و عوامل زمینه‌ای است و همه این عوامل عملکرد شرکت را بهبود می‌بخشد. این نتایج بینش‌های ارزشمندی برای مدیران و محققین در خصوص نحوه ایجاد و توسعه قابلیت‌های پویا در کسب‌وکارهای نوپا ایجاد می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Designing a dynamic capabilities development pattern in new ventures(case study: IT Business)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahmood Ahmadpour Dariani 1
  • Tayebeh Abdoli Mohamadabadi 2
  • kamal sakhdari 3
1 Associate Professor Tehran University
2 business, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor Tehran university
چکیده [English]

The purpose of this study is to understand the development of dynamic capabilities in new ventures. Through the study of documentary resources and semi-structured interviews with 15 companies in IT businesses, in Tehran. questionnaires were collected via purposeful sampling. In the open coding stage, 201 preliminary codes were identified from interview analyses, from which 144 codes were finalized after filtering and integration of similar codes. In the second stage, axial coding was carried out using the axial coding model on the investigated phenomenon. Finally, four main categories were identified for the development of dynamic capabilities, which are the antecedents for the development of dynamic capabilities, including manager features, business features that affect strategic orientations in NV, and, on the other hand, The context also affects both strategic orientations and dynamic capabilities, and all of these factors lead to outcomes of financial, customer, market and in-process .

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • dynamic capabilities
  • developing dynamic capabilities
  • new ventures
  • IT Business
اصغریان، احسان و حسینی، مجتبی(۱۳۹۵). تاثیر قابلیت جذب، سرمایه اجتماعی و قابلیت مدیریتی بر عملکرد شرکت‌های فرانجایزی(مطالعه واحدهای فرانچایزی حوزه فست فود در ایران)، توسعه کارآفرینی، 9 (4):۶۳۲-۶۱۳.
Albort-Morant, G., Leal-Rodríguez, A. L., Fernández-Rodríguez, V., & Ariza Montes, A. (2018). Assessing the origins, evolution and prospects of the literature on dynamic capabilities: A bibliometric analysis. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 24(1), 42-52.
Alvarez, S. A., & Busenitz, L. W. (2001). The entrepreneurship of resource-based theory. Journal of management, 27(6), 755-775.
Ambrosini, V., & Bowman, C. (2009). What are dynamic capabilities and‌‌ are they a useful construct in strategic management?. International journal of management reviews, 11(1), 29-49.
Baker, T., & Nelson, R. E. (2005). Creating something from nothing: Resource construction through entrepreneurial bricolage. Administrative science quarterly, 50(3), 329-366.
Blank, S. (2013). Why the Lean Start-up Changes Everything, Harvard Business Review, 63(5), 72- 91.
Bogodistov, Y., Presse, A., Krupskyi, O. P., & Sardak, S. (2017). Gendering dynamic capabilities in micro firms. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 57(3), 273-282.
Böhm, A. (2004). Theoretical Coding:Text Analysis in Grounded Theory A Companion to Qualitative Research.London, Sage Publications, pp. 270-274.
Busenitz, L. W., & Barney, J. B. (1997). Differences between entrepreneurs and managers in large organizations: Biases and heuristics in strategic decision-making. Journal of business venturing, 12(1), 9-30.
Corbin, J., & Strauss, A. (2008). Techniques and procedures for developing grounded theory. Basics of Qualitative Research, 3rd ed.; Sage: Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.
Corner, P. D., & Wu, S. (2012). Dynamic capability emergence in the venture creation process. International Small Business Journal, 30(2), 138-160.
Danneels, E. (2011). Trying to become a different type of company: Dynamic capability at Smith Corona. Strategic Management Journal, 32(1), 1-31.
Delmar, F., & Shane, S. (2003). Does business planning facilitate the development of new ventures?. Strategic management journal, 24(12), 1165-1185.
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic capabilities: what are they?. Strategic management journal, 21(10‐11), 1105-1121.
Eisenhardt, K. M., & Graebner, M. E. (2007). Theory building from cases: Opportunities and challenges. Academy of management journal, 50(1), 25-32.
Eriksson, T. (2014). Processes, antecedents and outcomes of dynamic capabilities. Scandinavian journal of management, 30(1), 65-82.
Fainshmidt, S., Pezeshkan, A., Lance Frazier, M., Nair, A., & Markowski, E. (2016). Dynamic capabilities and organizational performance: a metaanalytic evaluation and extension. Journal of Management Studies, 53(8), 1348-1380.
Hall, C. M., & Williams, A. (2008). Tourism and innovation. Routledge.
Harreld, J. B., O’Reilly, C. A., III, & Tushman, M. L. (2007). Dynamic capabilities at IBM: Driving strategy into action. California Man-agement Review, 49(4), 21—43.
Helfat, C., & Martin, J. (2015). Dynamic managerial capabilities: a perspective on the relationship between managers, creativity and innovation. The Oxford Handbook of Creativity, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 421-433.
Helfat, C., Finkelstein, S., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M., Singh, H., Teece, D. and Winter, S. (2007).Dynamic Capabilities: Understanding Strategic Change in Organizations. Malden, MA: Blackwell.
Henderson, R. M., & Clark, K. B. (1990). Architectural innovation: The reconfiguration of existing. Administrative science quarterly, 35(1), 9-30.
Henderson, R., & Cockburn, I. (1994). Measuring competence? Exploring firm effects in pharmaceutical research. Strategic management journal, 15(S1), 63-84.
Hjalager, A. M. (2010). A review of innovation research in tourism. Tourism management, 31(1), 1-12.
Inan, G. G., & Bititci, U. S. (2015). Understanding organizational capabilities and dynamic capabilities in the context of micro enterprises: a research agenda. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 210, 310-319.
Kaplan, R. S., & Norton, D. P. (1992). The balanced scorecard: measures that drive performance. 71-79.
Karagouni, G., & Kalesi, M. (2011). Knowledge intensive entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities in low-tech SMEs: Evidence from the Greek food sector. MIBES Transaction on Line Electronic Version, 5, 1-19.
Kogut, B., & Zander, U. (1992). Knowledge of the firm, combinative capabilities, and the replication of technology. Organization science, 3(3), 383-397.
Kwon, S. J., Ryu, D., & Park, E. (2018). The Influence of entrepreneurs strategic agility and dynamic capability on the opportunity pursuit process of new ventures: evidence from south Korea. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 17(1), 1-17.
Lanza, A., & Passarelli, M. (2014). Technology change and dynamic entrepreneurial capabilities. Journal of Small Business Management, 52(3), 427-450.
Leonard, D. (1995). Wellsprings of knowledge (p. 65). Boston: Harvard Business School Press.
Li, D. Y., & Liu, J. (2014). Dynamic capabilities, environmental dynamism, and competitive advantage: Evidence from China. Journal of Business Research, 67(1), 2793-2799.
Li, J. J., & Zhou, K. Z. (2010). How foreign firms achieve competitive advantage in the Chinese emerging economy: Managerial ties and market orientation. Journal of Business Research, 63(8), 856-862.
Liao, J., Kickul, J. R., & Ma, H. (2009). Organizational dynamic capability and innovation: an empirical examination of internet firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 47(3), 263-286.
Mahringer, C. A., & Renzl, B. (2018). Entrepreneurial initiatives as a microfoundation of dynamic capabilities. Journal of Accounting & Organizational Change, 14(1), 61-79.
Malik, O. R., & Kotabe, M. (2009). Dynamic capabilities, government policies, and performance in firms from emerging economies: Evidence from India and Pakistan. Journal of Management Studies, 46(3), 421-450.
McKelvie, A., & Davidsson, P. (2009). From resource base to dynamic capabilities: an investigation of new firms. British Journal of Management, 20, S63-S80.
Meyer, K. E., & Peng, M. W. (2005). Probing theoretically into Central and Eastern Europe: Transactions, resources, and institutions. Journal of international business studies, 36(6), 600-621.
Newbert, S. L. (2005). New firm formation: A dynamic capability perspective. Journal of small business management, 43(1), 55-77.
Nieto, M. J., & Santamaría, L. (2010). Technological collaboration: Bridging the innovation gap between small and large firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(1), 44-69.
Nieves, J., & Haller, S. (2014). Building dynamic capabilities through knowledge resources. Tourism Management, 40, 224-232.
Pavlou, P. A., & El Sawy, O. A. (2011). Understanding the elusive black box of dynamic capabilities. Decision sciences, 42(1), 239-273.
Pisano, G. P. (2015). A normative theory of dynamic capabilities: connecting strategy, know-how, and competition. Harvard Business School Technology & Operations Mgt. Unit Working Paper, (16-036).
Protogerou, A., Caloghirou, Y., & Lioukas, S. (2011). Dynamic capabilities and their indirect impact on firm performance. Industrial and Corporate Change, 21(3), 615-647.
Renko, M., Carsrud, A., & Brännback, M. (2009). The effect of a market orientation, entrepreneurial orientation, and technological capability on innovativeness: A study of young biotechnology ventures in the United States and in Scandinavia. Journal of Small Business Management, 47(3), 331-369.
Sapienza, H. J., Autio, E., George, G., & Zahra, S. A. (2006). A capabilities perspective on the effects of early internationalization on firm survival and growth. Academy of management review, 31(4), 914-933.
Schumpeter, J. (1934). The theory of economic development. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, MA.
Stam, E., & Gibcus, P.(2012). Firm resources, dynamic capabilities, and the early growth of firms. Scientific Analysis of Entrepreneurship and SMEs. Panteia/EIM Research Reports reference number H201219.
Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: the nature and microfoundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic management journal, 28(13), 1319-1350.
Teece, D. J. (2012). Dynamic capabilities: Routines versus entrepreneurial action. Journal of management studies, 49(8), 1395-1401.
Teece, D. J. (2014). The foundations of enterprise performance: Dynamic and ordinary capabilities in an (economic) theory of firms. Academy of management perspectives, 28(4), 328-352.
Teece, D. J., Pisano, G., & Shuen, A. (1997). Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic management journal, 18(7), 509-533.
Williamson, P. J. (2016). Building and leveraging dynamic capabilities: Insights from accelerated innovation in China. Global Strategy Journal, 6(3), 197-210.
Winter, S. G. (2003). Understanding dynamic capabilities. Strategic management journal, 24(10), 991-995.
Yin, R. K. (2009). Case study research: Design and methods (4th ed.). Thousand
Oaks, CA: Sage.
Zahra, S. A., Sapienza, H. J., & Davidsson, P. (2006). Entrepreneurship and dynamic capabilities: A review, model and research agenda. Journal of Management studies, 43(4), 917-955.
Zeng, J., Simpson, C. G., & Dang, B. L.(2016). Model of Dynamic Capability Development: Evidence from the Chinese Manufacturing Sector. Management and Organization Review. ISSN 1740.
Zheng, Q. E., Ling-Wen, C. H. E. N., & Fan, G. U. O. (2018). Research on Dimensionality Relationship of Dynamic Capability Generation of OEM Enterprises Under Internet Perspective. DEStech Transactions on Social Science, Education and Human Science, (icssm).
Zheng, S., Zhang, W., & Du, J. (2011). Knowledge-based dynamic capabilities and innovation in networked environments. Journal of Knowledge Management, 15(6), 1035-1051.
Zhou, K. Z., & Li, C. B. (2010). How strategic orientations influence the building of dynamic capability in emerging economies. Journal of Business Research, 63(3), 224-231.
Zollo, M., & Winter, S. G. (2002). Deliberate learning and the evolution of dynamic capabilities. Organization science, 13(3), 339-351.