Ranking of Selected Countries According to National Innovation Capacity Improvement Using Data Envelopment Analysis
Nezamodin
Faghih
Professor of management, University of Shiraz, Iran
author
Kazem
Askarifar
Ph.D. Candidate, Systems management, University of Shiraz, Iran
author
text
article
2014
per
Each country could optimize the innovation process by improving infrastructures and national atmosphere. With regard to methodolory, in this paper 11 variables are selected among 20 demographic, R&D, and business variables as inputs based on experts’ opinions and statistical methods. Patent registrations data in USPTO is considered as the model output. Data of input variables gathered from published reports of some institutions and organizations such as World Bank and Heritage foundation. Then 57 countries are ranked according to input oriented CCR, output oriented BCC and slack-based data envelopment analysis model. The findings show that Slack-based model presents better results with considering input and output variables simultaneously. Developed countries with suitable infrastructures and registered patents are at top ranks, meanwhile nondeveloped and developing countries with lower ranks have weak innovation infrastructures or outcomes. Also, governmental and Nongovernmental budget and professional researchers of R&D are the most important variables for improving innovation atmosphere, which must be considered in policy-making decisions.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
1
16
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51552_35dc5f2fd2cedcc80ebc126df55da1af.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51552
Social Capital of Entrepreneurs in Male and Female Dominated Job Sectors
Zahra
Arasti
Associate professor, faculty of entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
author
Juan
Nahid
MA, entrepreneurship management, University of Tehran
author
Arian
Gholipour
Associate professor, faculty of management, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2014
per
In value creation process via finding and exploiting opportunities, entrepreneurs have to create and use social networks to gain access to resources and information and benefit from their social capital. The entrepreneurs’ activities, contacts and performance can influence the social capital of a society. This research reviews the previous research regarding the effect of sex segregation on social capital and focuses on the sexsegregation’s effect on the social capital level of entrepreneurs. This article assumes social capital based on four dimensions: social trust, social cohesion, social participation and social networks. The population of this research consists of the participants of ‘top entrepreneurs festival (2010)’ held by the Ministry of Labour. The research is a qualitative survey and is conducted using a questionnaire. The multiple regression analysis has been used for continuous variables and the chi-square method is applied for discrete variables. The results of this research indicate that female entrepreneurs have the highest level of social capital in female dominated jobs compared with other groups, while male and female entrepreneurs have the lowest level of social capital in male dominated jobs. These results can help policymakers and executives with developing useful and effective social capital and can help entrepreneurs with selecting the fields with higher social capital and more appropriate performance.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
17
35
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51553_a36f72323c2fe82b800d6d9dd103247b.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51553
Designing a Conceptual Model of Strategic Entrepreneurship Based on Configuration Approach
Seied Mostafa
Razavi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Iran
author
Mahmoud
Ahmadpour Daryani
Associate Professor, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Iran
author
سلطانعلی
شهریاری
دانشگاه تهران
author
text
article
2014
per
Strategic entrepreneurship is the intersection of entrepreneurship research and strategic management. There is no consensus on the definition, dimensions and constituent elements and a few models have limitations. The aim of this paper is to review previous studies with an emphasis on empirical evidence, to summarize them in an innovative framework to make a greater understanding of strategic entrepreneurship, to combine the existing scholarly research in this young and emerging field as well as to develop a conceptual model based on configuration approach. We derived a model with seven domains and conclude that companies must act based on both entrepreneurship and strategic management that is required for sustainable wealth creation. And deeper understanding of this concept could trigger future studies to identify its components and elements, test proposed model by researchers and implement it in organization by managers.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
37
55
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51554_462aa97f2d36cd8de813533f2a0fe752.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51554
The Effects of Knowledge Spillover on Innovative Performance of Knowledge Intensive Firms in IT Sector
Kambiz
Talebi
Associate Professor, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Iran
author
Hesam
Salehi
MA., Entrepreneurship Faculty, University of Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2014
per
Firms invest in their learning activities to improve their innovative efforts. These kinds of activities are either internal or external. Knowledge which Flows among local actors is one of the external learning factors. Spontaneous knowledge flows among firms without any compensation or with compensation less than the real value is called knowledge spillover. This paper analyzes the effect of knowledge spillover as an independent variable on innovative performance of knowledge intensive firms as a dependent variable. To this end, this qualitative research is conducted using a questionnaire. Data is collected from executives and experts of 66 firms in IT industry located in science and technology parks of Tehran. The results analyzed using SPSS and Smart PLS software and Structural Equations Modeling indicated that knowledge spillover, through labor mobility, informal Interaction and spinoff companies, has a significant positive impact on innovative performance of IT firms based in science and technology parks of Tehran.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
57
73
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51555_0bb1c3be8a76f97f0391e9f44dc2eab5.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51555
Identifying Successor Development Practices to Promote Transgenerational Entrepreneurship in Iranian Family Firms
Hossein
Samei
PhD Candidate, Management, Sharif University of Technology, Iran
author
Seyed Alireza
Feizbakhsh
Associate professor, Faculty of Management and Economics, Sharif University of Technology, Iran
author
text
article
2014
per
Corporate entrepreneurship is one the key factors for long term success of family firms. Therefore, continuing the entrepreneurial behaviors in the following generations of the family firm, which is called transgenerational entrepreneurship, is of paramount importance. Among different factors, the successor has a key role in the development of entrepreneurship in the firm. So, the family firm mangers are to adopt effective practices to nurture a successor, being competent enough to promote entrepreneurship in the firm. In this research, five Iranian large family firms, being able to promote entrepreneurship in their different generations are studied and their practices for successor development are identified. The results show four main practices: education, working inside or outside the family firm, nurturing in the family, and mentoring. In this paper all these practices are described and their impact on developing the successor is explained. Particularly the third and fourth methods are deeply investigated. Two functions of mentoirng, career and psychological functions, are also well studied.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
75
94
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51556_be573716b32f26cc575a9427adb717a2.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51556
Identifying Entrepreneurial Business Opportunities in Sports Industry with an IT Approach
Reza
Mohamadkazemi
Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Iran
author
Reza
Zaffarian
Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Iran
author
Abbas
khodayari
Associate Professor, Islamic Azad University, Iran
author
Mehran
Javadinia
MA., IRINN TV Commentator
author
text
article
2014
per
In the present-day world, sports activities and events are not to be considered solely for the purpose of entertainment or recreation. The result of this research has shown that sports businesses have entered a wide domain of activities like management, new technologies, marketing, advertisement and the like. In this area, the number of businesses which are connected to the world by information technology is rapidly growing. This growth necessitates sports businesses to enter this arena and guarantee their survival, growth and competitiveness by identifying and exploiting opportunities in IT sector. In this study, aided and supported by a sample of 86 owner-managers and experts of sports businesses in IT sector, opportunities are identified and categorized into three underlying groups. These groups are labeled as service, production, sale and Marketing opportunities. The results show the highest priority for service and the lowest for production and sale opportunities. Moreover, the priority of these opportunities within each group is presented in components of this study as well.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
95
112
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51557_e39fba9dcc588859a4b2bd7430d4dc35.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51557
Reviewing the Mediating Role of Cognitive Style in the Relationship between Human Capital and Entrepreneurial Intention: The Case of MA Students of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Tehran University
Mohammad Ali
Moradi
Assistant Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Mohammad Reza
Zali
Assistant Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
Fariba
Mohammadi
MA., Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
author
text
article
2014
per
The increase in the number of university graduates, especially at MA level, in the recent years on one hand and the disproportionate growth of employment on the other hand, has made graduates unemployment one of the major challenges of the country. Most students prefer to be employed, while employment capacity in society and increase in the number of students do not match closely. Entrepreneurship is one of the ways to create employment; and intention is the best predictor of any behavior including entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial intention is influenced by different factors, including human capital. The present study tries to investigate the effect of human capital on entrepreneurial intention through mediator variables as well as intuitive and rational styles. In this study, psychological capital and individual variables were regarded as control variables. The participants of the study incorporate the MA students of the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering of Tehran University. 140 questionnaires were randomly distributed among them. This is an applied and quantitative research regarding the purpose and methodology of the research. The research yielded the result that human capital (education and experience) has a significant effect on entrepreneurial intention. It was also proved that psychological capital and individual variables influence intention through cognitive style, while education and experience influence entrepreneurial intention through rational and intuitive styles, respectively.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
113
131
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51558_137686cbe0b88a13aec56280331c47bf.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51558
Social Entrepreneurial Intention: Interplay of Social Entrepreneurial Attitude, Financial Security and Social Capital as Antecedents
Nasim
Yadegar
PhD. Candidate, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
author
Mohamad Mehdi
Me’mariani
PhD. Candidate, Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
author
Abdol Reza
Sedgh Amiz
MA., Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
author
text
article
2014
per
Developing social entrepreneurship has become a key issue for researchers and policy makers, as social entrepreneurs are agents of socio-economic development. Because of the intention- based nature of social entrepreneurial behaviors, the present study at the first stage explores the relationship between social entrepreneurial attitude and social entrepreneurial intention. At the second stage, it explores the moderating role of social capital, human capital and financial security in this relationship. To this end, the quantitative approach and the multiple variable regressions with hierarchical strategy were employed. Data was collected from 141 volunteers of charity organizations in Shiraz. For data analysis, SPSS software and AMOS path analysis software were used. The results indicate that social entrepreneurial attitude - defined in this study as having affective, cognitive and conative reactions toward empathy and responsibility to social needs - has a significant relationship with social entrepreneurial intention. In addition, an individual’s financial security and social capital reinforces this relationship by the order of the intensity of impact; however, the human capital of social entrepreneurship does not have any significant impact on such relationship.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
133
152
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51559_f86d500645519b47c7778156c4f1fdf9.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51559
Explaining the Relationship between Corporate Entrepreneurship and Performance through the Mediating Role of Knowledge-Based Capital
(Case: Technology-Driven Enterprises Listed in Tehran Stock Exchange)
Saeed
Sehhat
Assosiate Professor, University of Allameh Tabataba’i
author
Mohsen
Yar Ahmadi
Ph.D Candidate, University of Allameh Tabataba’i.
author
text
article
2014
per
Research findings suggest that the effect of corporate entrepreneurship on performance occurs through the channel of knowledge-based capital mechanisms. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between corporate entrepreneurship and performance using the mediating variable of knowledge-based capital in technology-driven enterprises listed in Tehran Stock Exchange. This study is a descriptive-correlational applied research. Its sample includes 65 cases in four industries of automobile, electrical machines, chemical and medical products. In selecting the given corporations we used the census method in which the data of 42 corporations were analyzed. Questionnaires and secondhand data of corporate (records and documents) were used as instruments for data collection. We have used Confirmatory Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling in Partial Least Square (PLS) method for data analysis. The results show that knowledge-based capital along with three dimensions including human capital, organizational capital, and social capital, plays a mediating role in corporate entrepreneurship-performance relationship. It means that corporate entrepreneurship will result in the extension of knowledge-based capital which in turn enhances the corporate performance.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
153
172
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51560_91c4f59b003d424df63d31ae0af90a68.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51560
The Relationship between Need for Cognition, Training Self-Efficacy, Learning\Training Motivation and Training Transfer in Trainees of Entrepreneurship Center of University of Esfahan
Farzaneh
Dabashi
MA., student of organizational and industrial psychology, University of Isfahan, Iran
author
Hamid Reza
Arizi
Associate Professor, Faculty of psychological and educational science, University of Isfahan, Iran
author
Abolghasem
Noori
Professor, Faculty of psychological and educational science, University of Isfahan, Iran
author
Nahid
Akrami
Associate Professor, Faculty of psychological and educational science, University of Isfahan, Iran
author
text
article
2014
per
Entrepreneurship education is one of the most important informal training programs that are conducted in most training centers. The aim of this research is to investigate the relationship between need for cognition, training self-efficacy, and learning\ training motivation with training transfer. The method of research is correlational and 164 trainees of entrepreneurship center of University of Esfahan have been measured in two phases (pre-training and post-training). Questionnaires used in Pre-training stage were Cacioppo, Petty and Kao's scale of need for cognition (1984), Quinones pre-training self-efficacy scale (1995) and Neo & Wilkins learning motivation questionnaire (1993). Questionnaires used in post-training stage were Brown's post-training questionnaire (1999) and a researcher-made training transfer questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Stepwise Regression Analysis. The fFindings showed that there are significant positive relationships between all research variables and training transfer. Also, the results of Stepwise Regression Analysis showed that the two variables of need for cognition and post-training self-efficacy have the ability to predict training transfer. Since need for cognition and post-training self-efficacy are improvable by training, we can expect to enhance training transfer by designing training programs based on these two variables.
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
173
190
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_51561_7c7d1d7d25d97bb9e2dfba0c292d32e3.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.51561
English Abstracts
text
article
2014
per
Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran
2008-2266
7
v.
1
no.
2014
1
10
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_52116_e1ca3b4fc8f8ad0e7265abf74de65ba6.pdf
dx.doi.org/10.22059/jed.2014.52116